Within the period of Tsarist Russia, the most violent resistance of Muslim Turks has been started with the Rebellion of 1916 and Russia has wanted to muster Turcomans into the rear guard service by abolishing the examption of military service of the local people. However, due to this request, protestation has been emerged among the Turcomans. The Rebellion firstly started in oasis and then it quickly became widespread. Another front has been openned for Russians by the Turkestan riot. Tsardom shifted some of her soldiers to the region and armed Russian peasants. The Rebellion has been quelled in a much bloody way. Some of Turcomans has fled to East Turkestan which was governed by China. The rest of them has experienced a major persecution in the region.