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Doctoral thesis . 2020
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Hacia un nuevo modelo de relación con la Administración Tributaria : de la reducción de la conflictividad y la mejora de la justicia tributaria a la relación cooperativa

Authors: Castro de Luna, Manuel José;

Hacia un nuevo modelo de relación con la Administración Tributaria : de la reducción de la conflictividad y la mejora de la justicia tributaria a la relación cooperativa

Abstract

Siendo la Administración Tributaria española referente mundial en muchos aspectos, no puede asumir como normales las cifras de conflictividad y el clima de inseguridad e incertidumbre que sobre el coste fiscal de las operaciones empresariales reina en la actualidad. Dado que el tratamiento tributario es uno de los aspectos más determinantes en la toma de decisiones empresariales, nuestro sistema tributario no puede generar desconfianza e incertidumbre sobre el coste fiscal de las mismas. Para tratar de aliviar dicha situación, se debe simplificar el sistema tributario, dotándolo de una normativa estable, redactada con una buena técnica legislativa, que fundamente el objetivo que pretende alcanzar, las diferentes opciones existentes y el problema que trata de solucionar, escuchando a los principales sectores implicados por la misma. Se ha de cambiar la perspectiva desde la que se contempla al contribuyente en los procedimientos de aplicación de los tributos, para que más que contemplarlo como parte enfrentada sea visto como un colaborador en la aplicación del sistema tributario, interesado en que se logre la aplicación efectiva y justa del sistema tributario, poniendo fin a la competencia desleal que implican los casos de elusión fiscal. Para ello se han de flexibilizar los procedimientos de comprobación, haciéndolos más abiertos al diálogo, a la contraposición de posiciones, agotando todas las posibilidades de acuerdo con el contribuyente y reservando la imposición de sanciones para los contribuyentes manifiestamente incumplidores, no sancionando lo que bien pueden ser simples errores aritméticos o de hecho. También ha de reformarse el sistema de revisión de los actos tributarios evitando los interminables litigios que casan mal con el derecho a la tutela judicial efectiva. El objetivo último es lograr la certeza y seguridad sobre el tratamiento de las operaciones a priori, con carácter previo a la presentación de la declaración, segmentando a los contribuyentes en función del riesgo de incumplimiento, asignando los recursos de la Administración a los contribuyentes que presenten mayor riesgo de incumplimiento, pasando de un sistema de comprobación a posteriori a un sistema de cumplimiento cooperativo, aprovechando las mayores exigencias de transparencia y responsabilidad derivadas de la aplicación de los principios de la responsabilidad social corporativa al ámbito tributario.

As the Spanish Tax Administration is a global reference in many aspects, it cannot assume as normal the figures of conflict and the climate of insecurity and uncertainty that currently prevails regarding the fiscal cost of business operations. Given that tax treatment is one of the most determining aspects in business decision-making, our tax system cannot generate mistrust and uncertainty about their fiscal cost. Therefore, in order to alleviate this situation, the tax system must be simplified, providing it with stable regulations, drawn up with good legislative technique, which bases the objective it aims to achieve, the different options available and the problem it is trying to solve, listening to the main sectors involved by it. The perspective from which the taxpayer is considered in the tax application procedures has to be changed, so that rather than contemplating it as a confronting party, it is seen as a collaborator in the application of the tax system, interested in achieving effective application and fairness of the tax system, putting an end to the unfair competition that cases of tax avoidance imply. Hence, the verification procedures must be made more flexible, making them more open to dialogue, to the opposition of positions, exhausting all the possibilities in agreement with the taxpayer and reserving the imposition of sanctions for taxpayers manifestly non-compliant, not sanctioning what may well be simple arithmetic or factual errors. The system for the review of tax acts must also be reformed, avoiding the endless litigation that badly marry the right to effective judicial protection. The ultimate objective is to achieve certainty and security regarding the treatment of a priori operations, prior to filing the return, segmenting taxpayers based on the risk of non-compliance, assigning Administration resources to taxpayers who file greater risk of non-compliance, moving from an ex post verification system to a cooperative compliance system, taking advantage of the greater transparency and responsibility requirements derived from the application of the principles of corporate social responsibility to the tax field.

Programa de Doctorado en Derecho Económico y de la Empresa

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

330, 560506 Derecho fiscal, 56 Ciencias Jurídicas y Derecho, 530711 Teoría fiscal, 5605 Legislación y leyes nacionales, 5307 Teoría económica, 53 Ciencias económicas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green