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Aksaray jeotermal sahaları (Acıgöl-Ziga-Şahinkalesi) jeotermal ısı kaynaklarının araştırılması ve jeotermal sistemlerin kavramsal modellemesi, Orta Anadolu,Türkiye

The exploration of the heat source and conceptual modelling geothermal systems in Aksaray geothermal fields (Acigöl-Ziga-Şahinkalesi), Central Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: Burçak, Musa;

Aksaray jeotermal sahaları (Acıgöl-Ziga-Şahinkalesi) jeotermal ısı kaynaklarının araştırılması ve jeotermal sistemlerin kavramsal modellemesi, Orta Anadolu,Türkiye

Abstract

The studied area is located at eastern part of Aksaray province in CentralAnatolia. The basement rocks of studied area are Paleozoic aged Tamadag gneiss,schist and Bozçaldag marble. Cretaceous aged granitoid and gabbroid intrusion intrudewithin these basement rocks. These rock units are overlain unconfortably by LowerEocene aged Çayraz and Late Eocene-Lower Miocene aged Mezgit Group sedimentaryrocks and Middle Miocene to Quaternary aged volcanic rocks interlayered sedimentswhich are mainly represented by tuff, ignimbrite, reworked tuff interlayer sediments,basalt lavas, ash fall deposits, pumice and dacite to rhyodasitic lava domes.The study area contains Ziga, Acıgöl and Sahinkalesi (Narköy) geothermalfields which they have similar geologic environments. Existence of surfacemanifestation like that, the presence of expanding acidic to weakly acidic hydrothermalalteration surrounding the geothermal area, hot springs which have a temperature of 44-65 oC indicating the important of geothermal possibilities in the area.Remote sensing, aerial photo studies, detailed geology, surface hydrothermalalteration, water chemistry, isotope hydrology and magnetotelluric studies has beencarried out in the studied area.Based on the water chemistry analyses, all of the cold waters are Ca-Mg-HCO3and Ca-HCO3 type. The thermal waters in Ziga field classified as Na-Cl-HCO3 type andB- bearing mineralized water. Hot waters in Acigöl field, classified as Ca-Na-HCO3-Cltype and B bearing mineralized hot water, and Sahinkalesi thermal water has beenclassified as Ca- Na-HCO3 type acrothermal water.Isotope hydrology analyses show that thermal and cold waters are of meteoricorigin and recharging altitudes change between 1412-3000 m in the studied area. Coldwaters are young waters which high tritium rate and thermal waters have been fed fromthe precipitation before 1952.Hydrothermal alteration studies have indicated that hydrothermal solutionwhich caused alteration around 100 oC temperature at the surface conditions. The rateof mixing cold water has been found as 70-81 % and based on the Cl-enthalpy andsilica- enthalpy mixing models. 190 oC reservoir temperatures have calculatedaccording to Cl-enthalpy and SiO2 -enthalpy mixing models. On the basis of silicathermometer 119-145oC, 160-181 oC and 135-159oC reservoir temperature have beencalculated in Ziga, Acıgöl and Sahinkalesi geothermal fields respectively.Reassessment gravity and magnetic studies indicated that four importantanomalous exists with respect to geothermal heat source exploration. Magnetotelluric(MT) method have been carried out where the anomalous in the study area, MTsoundings have carried out along the four profiles on 38 points of measurements. Onthe basis of the MT measurement low resistivity anomalous are interpreted to be hot,solid and / or partly molten magma bodies which can be considered the heat source ofthe geothermal system in the study area. It has been found that the average depths ofthe heat sources are about 5-8 km. A good correlation has been found high gravity -low magnetic, low resistivity body measured with MT exploration in the studied area.On the basis of the MT studies, low resistivity zone exists from the surface to1500m depth considered with to hydrothermally altered tuff and ignimbrite as a caprocks, and high resistivity below the low resistivity zone considered with the reservoirrocks.Finally, geothermal systems have been simulated as a conceptual model usingtogether these geological, geochemical and geophysical methods in the studied area.All of the studies showed that the area has important geothermal potential andit can be worth for exploration hot dry rock.Key Words: Remote sensing, hydrothermal alteration, water chemistry, isotope hydrology,magnetotelluric, heat source, geothermal system, conceptual model, hot dry rock.

Çalısma alanı Aksaray linin dogusunda yer alır. Alanda temeli Paleozoyikyaslı Tamadag gnays ve sistleri ile, Bozçaldag mermerleri ve bunlar içine sokulumyapmıs, Üst Kretase yaslı Baranadag granitoid intrüzyonu olusturur. Bu birimlerüzerinde, Alt Eosen yaslı Çayraz formasyonu ve Üst Eosen?Alt Miyosen yaslı Mezgitgrubu kayalarından olusan çökel kayaçlar, diskordan olarak yer alır. Tüm bu kayabirimleri Orta Miyosen-Kuvaterner yaslı, sedimanter ara seviyeler içeren tüf-ignimbrit,tüfit, bazalt lavları, pomza, dasitik-riyodasitik lav domları ile temsil edilen kayaçlartarafından uyumsuz olarak örtülür.İnceleme alanı, jeolojik olarak birbirine benzer yapıda olan Ziga, Acıgöl veSahinkalesi sahalarını içine alır. Jeotermal sahalar çevresinde yaygın asidik ve zayıfasidik hidrotermal alterasyon ve sıcaklıgı 44-65 oC arasında degisen kaynaklar, önemlibir jeotermal potansiyele isaret etmektedir.Çalısma alanında uzaktan algılama, fotojeoloji, detay jeoloji çalısmaları, yüzeyhidrotermal alterasyon, su kimyası, izotop hidrolojisi ile manyetotellürik çalısmalaruygulanmıstır.Su kimyası çalısmalarına göre, alandaki soguk sular, Ca-Mg-HCO3 ve Ca-HCO3 tipinde, mineralce fakir; Acıgöl sıcak suları B içeren, Na-Ca-HCO3-Cl tipinde,mineralli; Ziga sıcak suları B içeren Na-Cl-HCO3 tipinde, mineralli; Sahinkalesi sıcaksuları ise Ca-Na-HCO3 tipli mineralce fakir sıcak sulardır.zotop hidrolojisi çalısmaları ile inceleme alanından alınan su örneklerininmeteorik kökenli oldukları belirlenmistir. Suların beslenme alanı yükseklikleri 1414-3000 m arasında degisir. Soguk suların düsük trityum oranı ile genç sular oldukları,sıcak suların ise 1952 yılı öncesi yagıslardan beslenmis sular oldugu belirlenmistir.Hidrotermal alterasyon çalısmaları, alterasyona neden olan hidrotermalakıskanların, yüzey kosullarında yaklasık 100 oC sıcaklıga sahip oldugunu göstermistir.Cl-entalpi ve silis-entalpi karısım modellemelerine göre alandaki sularda % 70-81soguk su karısımı ve 190 °C rezervuar sıcaklıgı hesaplanmıstır. Kalsedon ve kuvarsjeotermometresine göre, Acıgöl, Ziga ve Sahinkalesi sahalarında sırasıyla 160-181 oC,119-145 oC ve 135-159 oC rezervuar sıcaklıgı beklenmektedir.Gravite ve manyetik veriler yeniden degerlendirilerek jeotermal ısı kaynagı ileiliskili olabilecek dört anomali alanı tespit edilmistir. Bu alanlarda, 4 profil boyunca, 38noktada Manyetotellürik (MT) ölçümü yapılmıstır. Bu çalısma ile tespit edilen düsükrezistiviteli anomaliler katılasmıs ya da kısmen ergiyik halde bulunan ve bölgedejeotermal sistemlerin ısı kaynagını olusturdugu düsünülen magma kütlelerineyorumlanmıstır. Bu kütlelerin ortalama derinliklerinin 5-8 km oldugu öngörülmüstür.Bu çalısma ile tespit edilen, yüzeyden itibaren 1500m derinlige kadar ulasan düsükrezistiviteli zon, jeotermal sistemin örtü kayacını olusturan, yer yer hidrotermalalterasyona ugramıs tüf ve ignimbritlere; daha altta yer alan yüksek rezistiviteli zonunise rezervuara karsılık geldigi kabul edilmistir. Yüksek gravite-düsük manyetik vedüsük rezistiviteli zonlar arasında çok iyi bir korelasyon saglanmıstır.Jeolojik, jeokimyasal ve jeofizik verilerin birlikte degerlendirilmesi ilekavramsal jeotermal modeller olusturulmustur. Tüm çalısmalar, alanda önemli birjeotermal potansiyelin bulundugunu ve sahanın kızgın kuru kaya arastırmaları için deuygun olabilecegini göstermistir.Anahtar sözcükler: Uzaktan algılama, hidrotermal alterasyon, su kimyası, izotop hidrolojisimanyetotellürik, ısı kaynagı, jeotermal sistem, kavramsal model, kızgın kuru kaya.

85

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Geothermal systems, Jeoloji Mühendisliği, Geological Engineering, Water chemistry, Remote sensing, Hydrothermal alteration

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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