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Türkiye'de enflasyon hedeflemesi stratejisinin uygulanması

Authors: DOĞAN, Bahar Burtan; AKBAKAY, Zeki;

Türkiye'de enflasyon hedeflemesi stratejisinin uygulanması

Abstract

1970’lerden sonra yaklaşık otuz yıl boyunca yüksek enflasyon ile mücadele eden Türkiye, yaşadığı başarısız parasal hedefleme ve döviz kuru hedeflemesinin ardından 22 Şubat 2001’de dalgalı döviz kurunu kabul etmiş ve ekonomide yapısal bir dönüşüm süreci başlamıştır. Bu amaçla Merkez Bankası Yasası’ında önemli düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Yeni yasaya göre Merkez Bankası’nın temel amacı “fiyat istikrarının sağlanması ve sürdürülmesi” olarak kabul edildi. Fiyat istikrarının öncelikli amaç olmasının gereği olarak 2002’de enflasyon hedeflemesi rejimi kabul edildi. Tam donanımlı bir enflasyon hedeflemesinin ön koşularının yerine getirilmesi için enflasyon hedeflemesi rejimi 2002-2005 yılları arasında örtük bir şekilde uygulanmıştır. Ön koşulların yerine getirilmesinden sonra Türkiye 2006 yılında resmi olarak “açık enflasyon hedeflemesi” stratejisini kabul etmiş ve 2010’a kadar para politikası aracı olarak faiz oranını kullanmıştır. Küresel kriz sonrasında hızlı kredi genişlemesi ve kısa vadeli sermaye akımlarına bağlı olarak artan makro finansal riskler yeni para politikası araçlarının kullanılmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bu nedenle Merkez Bankası fiyat istikrarı yanında finansal istikrarı da sağlamak için Kasım 2011’den itibaren yeni para politikası araçlarını kullanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı 2002 yılından itibaren uygulanmakta olan enflasyon hedeflemesi rejiminin gerekçelerini ve genel çerçevesini ortaya koymaktır.

After 1970s approximately thirty years Turkey has struggled with high inflation rate. After an unsuccessesful monetary targeting and exchange rate targeting experience Turkey adopted the floating exchange regime on 22 February 2001 and structural transformation process started in the economy. For this purpose significant amendments were made in the Central Bank Law. According to the new law, achieving and maintaining price stability was adoptep as the primary objective of Central Bank. In accordance with the primary objective of price stability, the inflation targeting regime was adopted in 2002. Inflation targeting was implemented between 2002 and 2005 implicitly with an attempt to establish the precondition for full-fledged inflation targeting. Having implemented the preconditions for inflation targeting, Turkey adobted officially “open inflation targeting” in 2006 and has used interest rate as monetary policy instrument until 2010. Rapid cedit growth, short term capital inflows and associated macro-financial risks in the aftermath of the global crisis necessitated the use of new monetary policy instrument. Therefore, Central Bank has been used new policy instrument to ensure financial stability besides price stability since November 2010. The objective of this study is to put out justifications and general framework of inflation targeting which has been implemented in Turkey since 2002.

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Turkey
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Keywords

Para Politikası;Fiyat İstikrarı;Finansal İstikrar;Enflasyon Hedeflemesi, Price Stability, Financial stability, Enflasyon hedeflemesi, Inflation targeting, Monetary Policy;Price Stability;Financial Stability;Inflation Targeting, Para politikası, Finansal istikrar, Monetary Policy, Finansal İstikrar, Monetary policy, Financial Stability, Fiyat İstikrarı, Enflasyon Hedeflemesi, Para Politikası, Inflation Targeting, Fiyat istikrarı, Price stability

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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