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İran edebiyatında mersiye türleri

Authors: SELÇUK, Ersin;

İran edebiyatında mersiye türleri

Abstract

Bu makalede İran Edebiyatında mersiye ve türleri konusu ele alınmıştır. Arapça “resâ” kökünden gelen mersiye, ölünün üzerine ağlamak ve onun iyiliklerini zikretmek anlamındadır. İran edebiyatında kendisinden mersiye türünde şiir nakledilen ilk şâir Rûdekî’dir. Mersiyelerin üç kısımda incelenmesi mümkündür. Bunlar resmîtörensel, şahsî-ailevî ve dinî mezhebî içerikli mersiyelerdir. Bunlar içerisinde ikinci kısım mersiyeler diğerlerine oranla daha fazla edebi özelliği haizdirler. Birinci kısım mersiyelerde resmî atmosferin gereği olarak şâirin kendisini üzgün olarak göstermesine ve yapmacık bir hal almasına karşın ikinci kısım mersiyelerde, şâir kalbinin sesini ve gerçek duygularını şiirine yansıttığından okuyucusunun zihninde daha derin anlamları harekete geçirmektedir. Üçüncü kısım mersiyeler ise dini duyguların şâirin ruhunda bıraktığı etkiye binâen şâirin inancı ve yürek acısından dolayı söylediği şiirlerdir. İrân şâirlerinin bir çoğu mersiye yazımında ilk planda tercileri ardından da kasîdeyi kullanmışlardır. Mersiyelerin tamamına yakınında bulunabilen bir husûs dünyânın vefâsızlığı, zamanın geçici oluşu, feleğin acımasız oyunları ve feleğe sitem konularıdır

Persian elegiac Literature and its types discussed in this article. Elegy is a kind of poem which means “mersiye/marṯīa” derived from Arabic word “resâ/reṯā” and thematises deceade individuals. First known samples from this literature quoted by Persian poet Rûdekî. It is possible to study elegies with three types such as “ceremonial”, “individual” and “religious”. In Ceremonial one foregoing as required by the official atmosphere, poet could pretend sorry and could write his marṯīa without sincere feelings. Likewise religious type of elegies shaped in the poet’s beliefs. But individual one of these separated from other types in this respect and relatively more effective in a literary sense because of friendly feelings for deceased person. In summary, main subjects of these literature are transience of life and the cruelty of fate, of disasters or of personal grievances are elegiacally in this broad sense

Country
Turkey
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Keywords

İran Edebiyatı;Mersiye;Mersiye Türleri;Kasîde;Muhteşem-i Kâşî, Types of Mar?ia, Mersiye, Qasîdah, Mersiye Türleri, Persian Literature;Marṯīa;Types of Marṯīa;Qasîdah;Muhtasham-i Kâshî, Kasîde, Mar?ia, Muhteşem-i Kâşî, Persian Literature, Muhtasham-i Kâshî, İran Edebiyatı

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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