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Extracción de bixina de tres variedades de achiote (Bixa orellana L.) utilizando tres solventes

Authors: Sanchez Sanchez, Sandra;

Extracción de bixina de tres variedades de achiote (Bixa orellana L.) utilizando tres solventes

Abstract

La bixina es el pigmento de mayor presencia en el achiote (Bixa orellana L.) y se emplea en la industria alimentaria, textil, cosmética y farmacéutica. Esta investigación estuvo orientada a la obtención de bixina empleando tres soluciones extractoras. La metodología empleada tuvo tres etapas: en la primera etapa se determinó el rendimiento de los extractos brutos de pigmentos de las semillas de achiote con etanol de 40°, etanol de 80° y KOH al 2%; en la segunda etapa se determinó el rendimiento de bixina en Bixa orellana L. según las soluciones extractantes utilizadas para cada una de las tres variedades de achiote seleccionadas y en la tercera etapa se determinó la composición físico-química del extracto de achiote. Los resultados indican que de las tres variedades de semillas de achiote investigadas (verde, amarilla y roja), el mayor rendimiento de los extractos brutos de pigmentos fue de 7,8%, realizada a la variedad verde con hidróxido de potasio al 2%. La mayor concentración de bixina determinada por UHPLC fue de 0,59% p/p como resultado de la interacción de la variedad verde con etanol de 80°. La variedad verde presentó el mayor porcentaje de humedad en sus semillas, con 44,77 % y la mayor cantidad de cenizas presentes en el extracto de achiote fue de 6,54% p/p, resultado de la interacción variedad verde-etanol 40°.

Bixin is the pigment with the highest presence in achiote (Bixa orellana L.) and is used in the food, textile, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. This research was aimed at obtaining bixin using three extraction solutions. The methodology used had three stages: in the first stage the yield of the crude pigment extracts of the annatto seeds with 40 ° ethanol, 80 ° ethanol and 2% KOH was determined; in the second stage, the yield of bixin in Bixa orellana L. was determined according to the extractant solutions used for each of the three selected annatto varieties and in the third stage the physicochemical composition of the annatto extract was determined. The results indicate that of the three varieties of annatto seeds investigated (green, yellow and red), the highest yield of crude pigment extracts was 7.8%, made to the green variety with 2% potassium hydroxide. The highest concentration of bixin determined by UHPLC was 0,59% w / w as a result of the interaction of the green variety with 80 ° ethanol. The green variety had the highest percentage of moisture in its seeds, with 44,77% and the highest amount of ashes present in the achiote extract was 6,54% w / w, the result of the 40 ° green-ethanol variety interaction.

Country
Peru
Related Organizations
Keywords

570, Rendimiento, https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.11.02, Achiote, Bixa orellana L., Fisicoquímico, Soluciones extractantes, Bixa orellana L, 530

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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