
handle: 11454/83128
- 38 - ÖZET Bentonit türü killer asit ile aktifle ştirildiklerinde oldukça iyi adsorplama özelliğine sahiptirler. Kilin adsorp siyon özelliğinden yararlanılarak yağ endüstrisinde bitkisel yağdaki pigmentler (Ksantofil, karotenoid, klorofil, tokofer ol) giderilerek yağın renginin açılması sağlanır. Bitkisel yağın içerdiği renk pigmentlerinden biri olan klorofil bitki kloroplastlarmda bulunan ve fotosentezde rol oynayan bir pigmenttir. Güneş enerjisini kimyasal enerji hali ne çevirme esnasında havanın karbondioksitini indirgeyip, kar bonu ve suyun parçalanması ile açığa çıkan hidrojeni kullana rak karbonhidratları oluşturma yeteneğinde olan klorofil yeşil bitkilerde klorofil a, b ve türevleri, c, d, e, protoklorofil, bakterioklorofil ve bakterioviridin halinde bulunur. Yeşil bitkilerden elde edilen bir pigment çözeltisinde klorofil ha kim pigment olarak yer alır. Yağ içerisinde bulunan klorofilin aktif kil üzerinde adsorpsiyonunu incelemek amacı ile klorofil kuru ıspanak yap raklarından aseton ekstresi elde edilerek kolon kromatogra fisi yömfcemi ile izole edilmiştir. Klorofilin kil üzerinde adsorpsiyon türünü tesbit etmek amacı ile tonsil, Çanakkale yöresi ham ve aktif kili için adsorpsiyon öncesi ve sonrası İR spektrumları alınmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara -göre yağ içerisinde en çok 150 ///l olarak bulunabilen klorofilin tamamının ad- sorplanabileceği tesbit edilmiştir. Kalorimetrik ölçümler den elde edilen adsorpsiyon izotermleri ve aktif kilin ad sorpsiyon öncesi ve sonrası İR spektrumlarının karşılaştı rılması ile adsorpsiyonun fiziksel ve kimyasal olduğu belir lenmiştir. Asitle aktifleştirilmiş kil mineralinin klorofil ad- sorpsiyonundan sonra 3700 cm`1- 3000 cm`1 aralığındaki soğurma bantları daralmış, ve şiddetlerinin azalmış olduğu- 39 belirlenerek klorofil molekülünün büyük olması nedeni ile tabakalararası ve gözenekler içinde penatre olmadığı ve bu yüzden yüzeye yakın bölgedeki -OH grupları ile reaksiyona girerek 3620 cm` deki bandın küçülmesi gerekirken 3671 cm de çok keskin ve şiddetli bir band oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. Bu da klorofilin aktif kil üzerinde kimyasal olarak bağlan dığını gösterir. Adsorpsiyon öncesi ve sonrası DTA-TG ter- mogramlarmdan da kil yüzeyine fiziksel bağlı klorofil düşük sıcaklıklarda desorbe olurken kimyasal bağlı klorofilin daha yüksek sıcaklıklarda desorbe olması nedeniyle klorofilin bir kısmının kimyasal bağlı olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. SUMMARY Bentonite clay has a special characteristic about adsorbing quite well when it is activated with acid. It is possible to make the colour of, oil lighter by making use of the adsorption speciality of clay and by destroying utterly the pigments in oil (Ksantofil, carotenoid, chylorophyll, tocopherol) in vegetal oil in oil industry. Chylorophyll which is one of the colour pigments that vegetable oil contains, makes photosynthesis and is in chylo- roplast. During the photosynthesis, carbondioxide is reduced and water is photolysed. At this moment hydrogen and oxygen become free. Oxygen is given to atmosphere. Chylorophyll has an ability to use hydrogen a,b, and other sorts, c,d,e, protochylorophyll, bacteriochylorophyll, bacterioviridin. Chylorophyll which is obtained from pigment solution in green plants, is placed as a biggest ratio pigment. In the aim of examine of chylorophyll adsorption on active clay, it has been isolated by column chromotography method by making aceton extract from spinach leaves. Chyloro phyll adsorption on clay has been examined by colorimetric method and tonsil, for crude and active clay from Çanakkale, IR spectraa before and after adsorption has been taken.- 40 - According to the results chylorophyll which can be in oil maximal l^>0n.g/l can be completely adsorbed. By comparing adsorption isoterms which is obtained from colori- metric measurements and IR spectrums it is shown that adsorp tion is physical and chemical. Activated clay with acid, clay mineral after chyloro phyll adsorption, absorbtion bands have become narrow between 3700-3000 cm their intensity has become less. Because that chylorophyll molecules are heavy, they can not be penatrated between interlayers holes, so they give reactions with -OH groups. It has been seen that they make a very strong and -1 -1 sharp band in 3671 cm instead of getting smaller to 3620 cm band. It shows that chylorophyll gives reaction with an active clay. Chylorophyll which gives physical reactions with clay in DTA-TG termograms after and before adsorption, desorbes at low temperature But chylorophyll which gives chemical reaction with clay desorbes at high temperatures. It ahows that, some of the chylorophyll molecules give chemical reac tions.
- 39 belirlenerek klorofil molekülünün büyük olması nedeni ile tabakalararası ve gözenekler içinde penatre olmadığı ve bu yüzden yüzeye yakın bölgedeki -OH grupları ile reaksiyona girerek 3620 cm` deki bandın küçülmesi gerekirken 3671 cm de çok keskin ve şiddetli bir band oluştuğu gözlenmiştir. Bu da klorofilin aktif kil üzerinde kimyasal olarak bağlan dığını gösterir. Adsorpsiyon öncesi ve sonrası DTA-TG ter- mogramlarmdan da kil yüzeyine fiziksel bağlı klorofil düşük sıcaklıklarda desorbe olurken kimyasal bağlı klorofilin daha yüksek sıcaklıklarda desorbe olması nedeniyle klorofilin bir kısmının kimyasal bağlı olduğu tesbit edilmiştir. SUMMARY Bentonite clay has a special characteristic about adsorbing quite well when it is activated with acid. It is possible to make the colour of, oil lighter by making use of the adsorption speciality of clay and by destroying utterly the pigments in oil (Ksantofil, carotenoid, chylorophyll, tocopherol) in vegetal oil in oil industry. Chylorophyll which is one of the colour pigments that vegetable oil contains, makes photosynthesis and is in chylo- roplast. During the photosynthesis, carbondioxide is reduced and water is photolysed. At this moment hydrogen and oxygen become free. Oxygen is given to atmosphere. Chylorophyll has an ability to use hydrogen a,b, and other sorts, c,d,e, protochylorophyll, bacteriochylorophyll, bacterioviridin. Chylorophyll which is obtained from pigment solution in green plants, is placed as a biggest ratio pigment. In the aim of examine of chylorophyll adsorption on active clay, it has been isolated by column chromotography method by making aceton extract from spinach leaves. Chyloro phyll adsorption on clay has been examined by colorimetric method and tonsil, for crude and active clay from Çanakkale, IR spectraa before and after adsorption has been taken.- 40 - According to the results chylorophyll which can be in oil maximal l^>0n.g/l can be completely adsorbed. By comparing adsorption isoterms which is obtained from colori- metric measurements and IR spectrums it is shown that adsorp tion is physical and chemical. Activated clay with acid, clay mineral after chyloro phyll adsorption, absorbtion bands have become narrow between 3700-3000 cm their intensity has become less. Because that chylorophyll molecules are heavy, they can not be penatrated between interlayers holes, so they give reactions with -OH groups. It has been seen that they make a very strong and -1 -1 sharp band in 3671 cm instead of getting smaller to 3620 cm band. It shows that chylorophyll gives reaction with an active clay. Chylorophyll which gives physical reactions with clay in DTA-TG termograms after and before adsorption, desorbes at low temperature But chylorophyll which gives chemical reaction with clay desorbes at high temperatures. It ahows that, some of the chylorophyll molecules give chemical reac tions.
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Chemistry, Kimya
Chemistry, Kimya
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