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Peynir üretim proseslerinde kitosan kullanımı

Authors: Meydan, Cafer;

Peynir üretim proseslerinde kitosan kullanımı

Abstract

Peyniraltı suyu günümüzde birçok farklı sektör tarafından kullanılan, yüksek üretim hacmine ve yüksek organik içeriğe sahip bir yan üründür. Peyniraltı suyunun berteraf edilmeden doğaya bırakılması onu önemli bir çevre kirleticisi haline getirmektedir. Bu tez çalışması kapsamında doğada selülozdan sonra en fazla bulunan organik biyopolimer olan, biyouyumlu, biyobozunur, katyonik ve antimikrobiyal özelliklere sahip olan kitosan peynir üretimi sırasında farklı konsantrasyonlarda (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg/ml) kullanılarak peyniraltı suyuna kaçan organik moleküllerin peynirin içerisine hapsedilmesi ve böylece peyniraltı suyunun organik yükünün azaltılıp doğa için daha az zararlı bir atık haline gelmesi, peynir besin bilşiminin zenginleşmesi, antimikrobiyal özelliği sayesinde depolama sırasında mikrobiyolojik kontaminasyonu engelleyerek peynirin mikrobiyolojik yükünü azaltması amaçlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucu peyniraltı suyunun organik madde konsantrasyonunun 3 mg/ml konsantasyonda en fazla azaltım sağlandığı, peynirin protein konsantrasyonunun %39,57 ve yağ konsantrasyonunun % 28,69 arttırılabildiği tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda artan kitosan konsantrasyonuna bağlı olarak peyniraltı suyu ayrımının kolaylaştığı ve 3 mg/ml konsantrasyona sahip kitosan eklenmesinin süzülme süresini %95 azalttığı ve böylece daha sıkı bir pıhtı elde edilebilmesini sağladığı belirlenmiştir. Farklı sıcaklıklarda (4 oC, 14 oC, 24 oC) gerçekleştirilen küf ve mayasayımı sonucuna göre, 4mg/ml kitosan konsantrasyonu peynirde mikrobiyolojik yük oluşumunu engellemede en başarılı sonucu göstermiştir.

Whey is a by-product using by many different sectors due to high organic content and high production volume. If whey is directly discharged to the environment, it may cause significant environmental problems. In this thesis, chitosan, which is the most abundant organic biopolymer after cellulose in nature and has biocompatible, biodegradable, cationic and antimicrobial properties, was used in different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 mg/ml) during cheese production. Therefore, it is aimed to reduce the organic content of whey, enrichment of the nutritional composition of cheese and increasing the shelf life of cheese due to its antimicrobial properties of chitosan. As a result of the analyzes, it was determined that the organic load of whey showed the highest decrease at 3mg/ml chitosan concentration. In addition, with the same chitosan concentration, it was determined that the protein concentration of cheese increased by 39.57% and the fat concentration by 28.69%. At the same time, it was determined that whey separation became easier due to the increasing chitosan concentration, and the addition of chitosan with a concentration of 3 mg/ml reduced the seperation time by 95%, thus providing a tighter curd. According to the results of mold and yeast count performed at different temperatures (4 oC, 14 oC, 24 oC), the concentration of 4mg/ml chitosan showed the most successful result in preventing microbiological load formation in cheese.

Country
Turkey
Related Organizations
Keywords

Chitosan, Hızlandırılmış Raf Ömrü Testi, Cheese, Protein, Kitosan, Accelerated Shelf Life Testing, Peynir

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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