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Gediz havzasında kuraklık analizi

Drought analysis in Gediz basin
Authors: Temel, İbrahim;

Gediz havzasında kuraklık analizi

Abstract

Türkiye yarı kurak bir bölgede bulunmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda, kuraklığın küresel boyutta yaşanan ısınma ve iklimsel değişiklikler açısından hem ülkemizde hem de dünyada çok ciddi bir tehdit oluşturulduğu izlenmektedir. Bu açıdan kuraklıkla ilgili yapılan araştırmalar git gide önem kazanmaktadır.Bu çalışmada, Gediz Havzası'nda son 50 yılda ortaya çıkan kuraklıklar, hidrolojik açıdan akım kuraklık indisi (SDI), meteorolojik açıdan da standart yağış indisi (SPI) ile incelenmiştir. Bu aşamada akım verilerine uyumlu olması açısından yağış verileri de su yılına uygun olarak düzenlenmiş, 3, 6, 9 ve 12 ay periyotlu yağış dizileri SDI indisine uygun olarak taranmıştır. Tez çalışmasının ilk aşamasında 3, 6, 9 ve 12 ay periyotlu akış ve yağış dizilerinin normal dağılıma uygunlukları α=%10 anlamlılık düzeyinde test edilmiş, akım dizilerinde 3 aylık toplamların normal dağılıma uymadığı belirlenmiş ve 3 aylık toplamlar çalışma kapsamı dışında bırakılmıştır. Sonraki aşamada akım ve yağış indisleri hesaplanmış ve kuraklık derecesine göre sınıflandırılmıştır. Böylelikle orta şiddette kurak, şiddetli kurak ve aşırı kurak yıllar ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Daha sonra dönemsel kuraklıkları belirleyebilmek amacıyla ardışık yılların su eksiklik ve fazlalık grafikleri elde edilmiş, son 50 yıldaki hem sulak hem de kurak dönemler tespit edilmiştir.Son olarak kuraklıkların ortaya çıkış frekanslarının ve şiddetlerinin tahmin edilmesi amacıyla frekans analizi yapılmış, 50 ve 100 yıllık akım kuraklık indisleri ve bu indislerle 50 ve 100 yıllık düşük akımlar tahmin edilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasının, gerek hidrolojik ve meteorolojik kuraklıkların tespit edilmesi gerekse belli tekerrürlü düşük akımların tahmin edilmesi açısından daha büyük bölgelere uygulanabileceği düşünülmekte ve önerilmektedir.Anahtar kelimeler: Kuraklık Analizi, Akım Kuraklık İndisi, Standart Yağış İndisi

Turkey is situated in a semi-arid region. Especially in recent years, drought has been seen as a serious threat both in our country and in the world in terms of the warming and climatic changes experienced on a global scale. In this respect, drought-related research is becoming increasingly important.In this study, the drought in Gediz Basin in the last 50 years was examined by with streamflow drought index (SDI) and standardized precipitation index (SPI). In this stage, rainfall data are arranged according to water year in order to be compatible with flow data. Rainfall series of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months period were examined according to SDI index. In the first stage of the thesis study, 3, 6, 9 and 12 month period flow and rainfall series were tested at a level of α = 10% significance for normality, and 3-month totals did not conform to normal distribution and excluded from the study. In the next stage, the streamflow and precipitation indices were calculated and classified according to the degree of drought. Thus, arid, severe arid and extremely dry years have been revealed. Then, in order to determine periodic droughts, water deficiency and redundancy graphs of consecutive years were obtained and wet and dry periods were determined in the last 50 years.Finally, frequency analysis was performed in order to estimate the frequency and intensity of the droughts, and 50- and 100-year drought indices and 50- and 100-year low flows were estimated with these indices.It is suggested that this thesis can be applied to larger regions in terms of both determining hydrological and meteorological droughts and estimating low flows of certain return periods.Keywords: Drought Analysis, Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)

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Turkey
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Keywords

Akım Kuraklık İndisi, Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), İnşaat Mühendisliği, Civil Engineering, Standart Yağış İndisi, Drought Analysis, Kuraklık Analizi

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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