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Ar-Ge desteklerinin etkinliği: Bir dinamik genel denge analizi

Authors: Akad, İpek;

Ar-Ge desteklerinin etkinliği: Bir dinamik genel denge analizi

Abstract

This study aims to explain the effects of Research and Development (R&D) incentives from macro and micro perspectives. We used two different methods to measure the efficiency of these incentives. In the first part of the study, a dynamic general equilibrium model is constructed. In this model, R&D is defined as a function in which labor and capital are used and endogenously affects Total Factor Productivity (TFP). The government provides R&D incentives only for labor and capital used for R&D production. These subsidies provided by the public sector were separated for labor and capital used in R&D and it was concluded that public incentives given to the labor produced more effective results for economic growth. The other method used in the study is an econometric approach. In this section, we applied the Panel Count Data model as the econometric method for 11 European countries for which we can access their data. As a result of the analysis for 11 European countries, we conclude that public R&D incentives have different effects on high-tech and low-tech sectors. In addition, another finding is that in low-tech sectors, the effect on patents mostly comes from R&D expenditures. As a result of the analysis for Turkey, it is concluded that public R&D incentives and patents have a U relationship.

Bu çalışma, Araştırma ve Geliştirme (AR-GE) desteklerinin makro açıdan ekonomik büyüme, mikro açıdan patent alımı üzerine etkilerini açıklama amacındadır. Bu etkileri açıklamak için iki ayrı hesaplama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın 2. bölümünde kurgulanan dinamik genel denge modelinde AR-GE, işgücü ve sermayenin kullanıldığı ve içsel olarak Toplam Faktör Verimliliğine (TFV) etki eden bir fonksiyon olarak tanımlanmıştır. Daha sonra, AR-GE'de çalışan işgücü ve AR-GE fiziki sermayesi için kamu destekleri ayrıştırılmış ve sonuç olarak Türkiye için AR-GE işgücüne verilen desteklerin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde daha etkin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın 3. bölümünde ise, ekonomi 10 sektöre ayrılarak 11 Avrupa ülkesi ve Türkiye için, kamu desteklerinin sektörel bazda patent alımı üzerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak Avrupa'da, yüksek teknolojili sektörlerde AR-GE desteklerinin, düşük teknolojili sektörlerde ise AR-GE harcamalarının artırılmasının patent alımı üzerinde daha etkin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Türkiye için yapılan analiz sonucunda, kamu AR-GE destekleri ve patentler arasında U şeklinde bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

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Country
Turkey
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Keywords

R&D Incentives, Economics, Dinamik Genel Denge, Kamu Politikaları, Government Policy, AR-GE Destekleri, Patent, Yenilik, Ekonomi, Innovation, Panel Veri Analizi, Dynamic General Equilibrium, Panel Data Analysis

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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