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Biodegradação de filmes de Polihidroxibutirato-co-hidroxivalerato (PHBV), polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD) e blenda de PEBD/PHBV (70/30), com fungos específicos

Authors: Passos, Thayse Marques;

Biodegradação de filmes de Polihidroxibutirato-co-hidroxivalerato (PHBV), polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD) e blenda de PEBD/PHBV (70/30), com fungos específicos

Abstract

The increase in consumption of plastics in the world has been the subject of great concern and special attention from the scientific community, to promote the development of materials that are biodegradable in a shorter time when discarded in the environment. The most widely used synthetic plastics are hardly degraded, because they are hydrophobic and resistant to the action of microbial enzymes. However, the use of alternative materials, such as blends of biodegradable polymers and synthetic, can minimize the harmful effect of the disposal of these materials in dumps and landfills, because they are susceptible to the action of microorganisms. This work aims to investigate the biodegradation of PHBV films (biodegradable), LDPE (low density polyethylene) and blends of LDPE / PHBV (70/30), using specific fungi in culture media solid and liquid, employing methods such as optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Penicillium funiculosum and Paecilomyces variotii degrade PHBV efficiently and the first one degraded the polymer producing insaturated acids, strong indicators of the biodegradation of this type of material. Besides that, they adhere significantly on PE surface, changing meaningly the morphology of these materials. The PE / PHBV (70/30) blend, is a material susceptible to the fungi action, having undergone changes, including in its crystallinity. It was also evident the protective action of the PE, preventing the access of the fungus to the PHBV phase contained in the blend. In the complete mineral medium there was a consumption of amorphous and crystalline phases (decrease and increase of carbonyl indices, respectively – FTIR) and in the incomplete mineral medium, the amorphous and crystalline phases were consumed, showing the efficiency of P. funiculosum... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

O aumento do consumo de materiais plásticos, no mundo todo, tem sido objeto de grande preocupação e especial atenção por parte da comunidade científica, no sentido de promover o desenvolvimento de materiais que, ao serem descartados sejam biodegradados em tempo mais curto, no meio ambiente. Os plásticos sintéticos mais utilizados atualmente são de difícil degradação, por serem hidrofóbicos e resistentes à ação de enzimas microbianas. Entretanto, o uso de materiais alternativos, tais como as blendas de polímeros biodegradável e sintético, pode minimizar o efeito danoso do descarte desses materiais em lixões e aterros sanitários, por serem suscetíveis à ação de micro-organismo. Este trabalho visou investigar a biodegradação dos filmes de PHBV (biodegradável), PEBD (polietileno de baixa densidade) e da blenda de PEBD/PHBV (70/30), empregando fungos específicos em meios de cultura sólido e líquido, utilizando metodologias como: Microscopia óptica (MO), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV) e Espectroscopia de Absorção no Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Os fungos Penicillium funiculosum e Paecilomyces variotii degradam eficientemente o PHBV, sendo que o primeiro degradou o polímero com formação de ácidos insaturados, fortes indicadores da biodegradação deste tipo de material. Além disso, estes fungos aderem significativamente à superfície do PE, mudando expressivamente sua morfologia. A blenda de PE/PHBV (70/30), é um material suscetível à ação destes fungos, tendo sofrido mudanças, inclusive, na sua cristalinidade. Nesta blenda ficou evidente também a ação de proteção do PE, que inibiu o acesso do fungo à fase do PHBV contido na mesma. No meio mineral completo houve consumo da fase amorfa e...

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Biodegradação, Polymers, Plasticos, Fungos, Polimeros, Filmes plasticos, Fungos filamentosos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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