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Modelagem de estruturas inteligentes

Authors: Rocha, Téo Lenquist da;

Modelagem de estruturas inteligentes

Abstract

Técnicas de atenuação de vibração estrutural tem atraído a atenção de engenheiros desde que as máquinas com partes móveis foram inventadas. Direcionadas pela necessidade de se diminuir peso e reduzir ruídos, as técnicas de controle ativo de vibração estrutural e acústica têm sofrido rápidas mudanças nas últimas duas décadas. Entre os materiais mais empregados nesta nova tecnologia estão os materiais que exibem propriedades piezelétricas como as cerâmicas PZT (Titanato Zirconato de Chumbo) e os filmes plásticos PVDF (Fluoreto de Vinilideno). Esses materiais apresentam uma reciprocidade entre energia mecânica e elétrica que lhes propicia grande aplicabilidade como sensores e atuadores para uma vasta gama de aplicações. No entanto, para se conseguir bons resultados em aplicações baseadas em modelos matemáticos é necessário a obtenção de modelos que permitam analisar o comportamento dinâmico das estruturas com materiais piezelétricos incorporados. Neste trabalho um programa é implementado em ambiente MATLAB® para modelagem, através do Método dos Elementos Finitos, de estruturas dos tipos vigas e placas com materiais piezelétricos incorporados. Os resultados do programa são comparados com os resultados fornecidos pelo software ANSYS® e com resultados experimentais. Paralelamente, são verificados resultados de técnicas de posicionamento ótimo de sensores e atuadores e aplicações de controle. As técnicas de posicionamento ótimo e controle não são apresentadas em detalhes neste trabalho, que tem por objetivo principal a modelagem e o estudo da influência da cerâmica piezelétrica sobre a estrutura. Estas técnicas são utilizadas para que se possa avaliar quantitativamente o efeito do acoplamento eletromecânico nas propriedades dinâmicas das estruturas.

Attenuation techniques of structural vibration have been attracting the engineers' attention since the machines with movable parts were invented. Motivated by the need of to reduce weight and noises, techniques of active control to attenuate structural and acoustic vibration have been suffering fast changes in the last two decades. Among those materials employed in this new technology are materials that exhibit piezoelectric properties, as the PZT ceramic (Lead Zirconate Titanate) and the PVDF plastic films (PolyVinyliDene Fluoride). These materials present reciprocity between mechanical and electric energy that enable them to be used as sensors and actuators. However, to get good results in applications that are based in mathematical model is necessary to consider the electromechanical coupling between the piezoelectric material and the host structure. In this work a program is implemented in MATLAB® code for modeling, using Finite Element Method, beam and plate structures with piezoelectric materials bonded in the host structure. Results of the program are compared with results supplied by ANSYS® software and with experimental data. In addition, techniques of optimal placement of sensor/actuators and control applications are implemented. The optimal placement and control approaches are not described in details in this work, since the main objective is to verify the piezoceramic influence on the dynamic properties of the structure. These techniques are used to evaluate the electromechanical coupling effect in the dynamic properties of the structures.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEIS

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Materiais piezoeletricos, Modelagem de estruturas inteligentes, Vibração, Método dos elementos finitos, Acoplamento eletromecânico

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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Green