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Polimorfismo em medicamentos genéricos e similares

Authors: De Salvi, Simone Toledo Bonemer;

Polimorfismo em medicamentos genéricos e similares

Abstract

O polimorfismo é observado em diversos fármacos, sendo decorrente das condições empregadas na síntese e purificação da substância. Os polimorfos possuem diferentes propriedades físico-químicas, o que pode afetar de maneira significativa a biodisponibilidade e estabilidade do fármaco. A maioria dos fármacos é comercializada na forma sólida, podendo ter estrutura amorfa ou policristalina. As formas policristalinas são facilmente detectadas por difração de raios X por policristais e, conhecendo-se a estrutura cristalina (ou parcial), é possível realizar a quantificação dos polimorfos nos fármacos através da aplicação do método de Rietveld ou PONKCS1. Neste projeto foram analisados, por difração de raios X, vários medicamentos comercializados, assim como foram definidos os procedimentos adequados para essas análises. Dos cinco medicamentos analisados, dois fazem parte da RENAME2 (ácido acetilsalicílico, carbamazepina) e do Programa Farmácia Popular do Brasil3. Os outros três (ácido mefenâmico, mebendazol e norfloxacino) estão sendo analisados por serem consumidos em abundância no Brasil. O mebendazol fazia parte da lista da RENAME quando esse trabalho teve início, porém na lista de 2010 ele foi retirado tendo em vista que o albendazol apresentou maior eficiência. A importância de tal trabalho está ligada à necessidade de oferecer à população economicamente carente, medicamentos de melhor qualidade e, consequentemente, melhor qualidade de vida. Palavras-chave: físico-química; polimorfismo; difração de raios X; Método de Rietveld

Polymorphism has been observed in several drugs. This is due to conditions employed synthesis and purification of the substance. Polymorphs show different physico-chemical properties, which can affect signicantily their stability and biovailability. Most drugs are commercialized as solids and may present amorphous or polycrystalline structures. Polycrystalline forms are easily detectable through X-ray diffraction by polycrystals and when the crystal structure is entirely (or partially) known, quantification of the drug’s polymorphs is possible by means of the Rietveld Method (or PONKCS)4 employment application. In this work commercial tablets were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and suitable methods for these analyses were optimized. From five drugs analyzed, acetylsalicylic acid and carbamazepine are included in RENAME5 and Programa Farmácia Popular do Brasil6. Mefenamic acid, mebendazole and norfloxacin were analyzed once they are greatly consumed in Brazil. The importance of this research lies on the necessity of offering higher quality drugs to poor population and, thus, to provide a better public health. Keyword: chemistry-physics; polymorphism; X-ray diffraction; Rietveld Method

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Pós-graduação em Química - IQ

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Physical chemistry, Físico-química, Polymorphism, Difração de raio X, Polimorfismo, X-ray diffraction

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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