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Associação de doses baixas de heparina não fracionada e de heparina de baixo peso molecular na prevenção de trombose venosa experimental

Authors: Carelli, Guareide;

Associação de doses baixas de heparina não fracionada e de heparina de baixo peso molecular na prevenção de trombose venosa experimental

Abstract

A heparina é um glicosaminoglicano sulfatado, de cadeia longa, que vem sendo largamente utilizada, desde meados do século passado, no tratamento e profilaxia das tromboses arteriais e venosas e cuja utilização permitiu o desenvolvimento das cirurgias cardíaca e vascular. As heparinas de baixo peso molecular (HBPM) são frações ou fragmentos da heparina separados do complexo polissacarídico por extração com solvente ou por gel filtração, ou por clivagem química ou enzimática aplicada antes dessa separação física. No presente artigo são revistos os diversos aspectos da estrutura, mecanismo de ação, farmacocinética, monitorização laboratorial e aplicações clínicas de ambos os tipos de substâncias, sendo chamada a atenção para as diferenças entre elas. As HBPM tendem a substituir a heparina não fracionada, na maior parte de suas indicações, por serem de mais simples utilização e apresentarem maior eficácia e segurança em algumas indicações, embora sejam de custo mais alto.

Heparin is a long sulfated glucosaminoglicane chain has been used in the treatment and prophylaxis of arterial and venous thombosis since the 50’s of last century. Its use also aided the development of cardiac and vascular surgery. Low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) are fractions or fragments of heparin separated from the polysaccharide complex by solvent extraction or gel filtration, or by chemical or enzymatic cleavage, before the extraction. In this article the main aspects of structure, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, laboratorial control, and clinical indications of both kinds of substances are reviewed and their main differences emphasized. Despite their high cost, LMWH presently tend to substitute unfractionated heparin in the majority of indications because of its simpler use, high efficacy and security in some cases.

Pós-graduação em Bases Gerais da Cirurgia - FMB

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Heparin, Heparina, Trombose - Tratamento

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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