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Sistemática molecular de Atta laevigata (Smith 1858) e Acromyrmex balzani (Emery 1890)

Authors: Vinha, Giovana Gonçalves;

Sistemática molecular de Atta laevigata (Smith 1858) e Acromyrmex balzani (Emery 1890)

Abstract

As espécies de formigas cortadeiras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Atta laevigata e Acromyrmex balzani, possuem importância agrícola e econômica por serem pragas de pastagens, florestas e plantas cultivadas em geral, em diferentes regiões das Américas, com consideráveis perdas de matéria vegetal e conseqüentes prejuízos para a agricultura e pecuária. Portanto, um melhor conhecimento sobre as espécies permitirá a adoção de medidas mais eficazes de controle. As espécies possuem uma história taxonômica marcada por controvérsias, devido ao embasamento da sistemática em caracteres morfológicos, muitos dos quais com variabilidade individual e polimorfismos nas diferentes castas de um mesmo ninho, gerando equívocos tanto de nomenclatura quanto de identificação. Diante disso, realizamos a caracterização molecular das diferentes populações de Atta laevigata e Acromyrmex balzani, com o objetivo de examinar as relações filogenéticas entre populações de diferentes áreas de ocorrência e auxiliar na definição dos grupos naturais destas espécies. Associado a isso, realizamos a caracterização morfológica das espécies, através da análise dos caracteres taxonômicos utilizados para a identificação. As análises moleculares evidenciam a existência 2 de dois grupos gênicos simpátricos de Atta laevigata, largamente distribuídos pelo Brasil, e definem Acromyrmex balzani como pertencente ao mesmo grupo gênico de Acromyrmex landolti. Além disso, os resultados indicam que não é possível utilizar os caracteres morfológicos tradicionalmente considerados para taxonomia destas formigas, devido à presença de polimorfismos e incongruências.

Leaf-cutting ants (Hymenoptera:Formicidae), Atta laevigata and Acromyrmex balzani, are economic and agriculturally important for being crop, forest and cultivated plant plagues in different areas of the Americas, thus causing significant losses of vegetable material and damage to agriculture and livestock. Therefore, having better knowledge of the species will help adopt more efficient control measures. The species have a taxonomic history marked by controversies. This is owed to the fact that systematic is based on morphologic characters many of which show individual variability and polymorphisms among the different casts in the same nest, thus generating either nomenclature or identification mistakes. Faced with this, we have carried through the molecular characterization of the different Atta laevigata and Acromyrmex balzani populations, with the aim of examining the phylogenetic relations between populations occurring in different areas and helping to define the natural group of these species. Connected with this, we have carried through the morphologic characterization of the species by analyzing the taxonomic characters used for the identification. Molecular analyses evidence the existence of two sympatric genetic groups of Atta laevigata, which are 4 widely spread throughout Brazil, and define Acromyrmex balzani as part of the same genetic group of Acromyrmex landolti. Moreover, the results indicate that it is not possible to use the morphologic characters traditionally considered for taxonomy of these ants, due to the presence of polymorphism and contradictions.

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Biologia Celular e Molecular) - IBRC

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Formiga-cortadeira, Leaf-cutting ants, Filogenia, Atta laevigata, Molecular markers, Acromyrmex balzani, Phylogeny, Formiga

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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