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Análise filogenética de Polybia lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)

Authors: Gelin, Luiz Fernando Fracassi;

Análise filogenética de Polybia lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Polistinae)

Abstract

Polybia is a genus of swarm-founding social wasps which comprises 58 described species, ranging from the south of United States to the north of Argentina. It is divided into 11 subgenera, some of them have a great number of polymorphysms. The difficulty on estabilize synapomorphies for the genus or the subgenera may be regarded as consequence of the trublesomme taxonomic background, because the species included in this genus are the one that could not be placed in in other Epiponini genera. Moreover, Polybia differs on its phylogenetic position in the analyses based on morphology, behavior and molecular (or total evidence) data. Taking into account the difficulty on estabilish synapomorphies and the topologic variation in the Epiponini phylogeny, this study aimed to estabilish the subgeneric relationships and verifies the relationships among species. In order to do this, we made a morphological study of adult females’ external parts in 50 species of the 11 Polybia subgenera. It was surveied new characters that were added to the characters previously proposed in the literature, totalizing 65 external morphology of adult females’ characters, 20 characters of external morphology of larvae and 10 characters of nest architecture. The data matrix was composed by 56 terminal taxa (six outgroup: Protopolybia, Charterginus, Brachygastra, Chartergus, Protonectarina e Epipona) and 95 characteres. The analysis was run in the program TNT 1.1 under the parsimony principle with a combination of algorytims: Tree-drifting, Tree-fusing, Ratchet e Sectorial Searches. The analysis generated 22 most parsimonious trees. The consensus tree has the falowing topology: (Apopolybia + (Trichinothorax + ((Cylindroca + Pedothoeca) + (Furnariana + ((Formicicola + Platypolybia) + (Myrapetra + ((Myrapetra + ((Synoecoides + Polybia) + Alpha)) + Myrapetra), confirming. therefore, the monophyly... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Polybia é um gênero de vespas sociais enxameadoras que engloba 58 espécies válidas, distribuídas do sul dos Estados Unidos até o norte da Argentina. Esse gênero é dividido em em 11 subgêneros, alguns deles são altamente variáveis morfológicamente. A dificuldade em encontrar sinapomorfias tanto para o gênero quanto para os subgêneros reflete um histórico taxonômico conturbado, já que as espécies aí incluídas são aquelas que não se encaixam em nenhum outro gênero de Epiponini. Além disso, Polybia difere quanto ao posicionamento filético em estudos morfológicos, comportamentais e moleculares (ou combinados). Levando em conta a dificuldade de encontrar sinapomorfias e a variação do gênero na filogenia dos Epiponini, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise filogenética das espécies do gênero, buscando estabelecer as relações subgenéricas e verificar as relações entre as espécies. Para isso foi realizado um estudo da morfologia externa de fêmeas adultas de 50 espécies dos 11 subgêneros de Polybia, no qual foram utilizados caracteres já propostos na literatura e levantados novos caracteres, totalizando 65 caracteres de morfologia externa de fêmeas adultas, 20 caracteres de morfologia externa das larvas e 10 caracteres de arquitetura de ninho. Os caracteres foram dispostos em uma matriz de dados composta por 56 táxons terminais, sendo seis do grupo externo (Protopolybia, Charterginus, Brachygastra, Chartergus, Protonectarina e Epipona) e 95 caracteres. A análise foi realizada no programa TNT 1.1 utilizando o princípio da parcimônia com uma combinação de algorítimos: Tree-drifting, Tree-fusing, Ratchet e Sectorial Searches. Após a análise o programa gerou 22 árvores mais parcimoniosas. A árvore de consenso estrito possui a seguinte topologia para os subgêneros de Polybia: (Apopolybia + (Trichinothorax + ((Cylindroca + Pedothoeca)...

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Biologia Animal - IBILCE

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Filogenia, Inseto - Classificação, Insetos sociais -Taxonomia, Inseto - Filogenia

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green