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Comparative cytogenetic and allozyme analysis of Mugil rubrioculus and M. curema (Teleostei : Mugilidae) from Venezuela

Authors: NIRCHIO M; OLIVEIRA C; FERREIRA IA; PEREZ JE; GAVIRIA JI; HARRISON I; ROSSI, Anna Rita; +1 Authors

Comparative cytogenetic and allozyme analysis of Mugil rubrioculus and M. curema (Teleostei : Mugilidae) from Venezuela

Abstract

Se presentan los resultados del análisis comparativo citogenético y aloenzimático entre las especies simpátricas Mugil rubrioculus y M. curema de Venezuela. Los especímenes de M. rubrioculus presentan un cariotipo con 2n=48 cromosomas exclusivamente acrocéntricos (NF=48), NORs intersticiales localizados en el par cromosómico número 8 y heterocromatina constitutiva distribuida en posición pericentromérica en todos los cromosomas. Los especímenes de M. curema presentan características citogenéticas significativamente diferentes de M. rubrioculus en términos de número cromosómico y morfología (2n=24 cromosomas de dos brazos y NF=48) y localización de las NORs (región terminal del par metacéntrico más grande). El análisis electroforético en gel de almidón de 20 loci presuntivos reveló una diferenciación genética reducida entre las dos especies. De hecho, aún cuando un total de diez alelos específicos hayan sido identificados, no hay loci que no compartan alelos entre las dos especies y el valor de distancia genética (Nei) obtenido (D= 0,060) es más bajo que el obtenido entre otras especies congenéricas de mugílidos. Así, los datos citogenéticos y los alozímicos indican diversos grados de divergencia entre el M. rubrioculus y M. curema. Esto podría reflejar una subestimación de la divergencia molecular por variación críptica o diferentes tasas de evolución molecular y cromosómica. De cualquier manera, este estudio confirma el poder de los datos cariotípicos para discriminar especies de Mugilidae.

Apresentam-se os resultados de uma análise citogenética e alozímica comparativa entre as espécies simpátricas Mugil rubrioculus e M. curema da Venezuela. Espécimes de M. rubrioculus apresentam cariótipo com 2n=48 e exclusivamente cromossomos acrocêntricos (NF=48), NORs intersticiais localizados no par cromossômico número 8 e heterocromatina constitutiva distribuída em posição pericentromérica de todos os cromossomos. Espécimes de M. curema apresentam características citogenéticas significativamente diferentes de M. rubrioculus em termos de número cromossômico e morfologia (2n=24, cromossomos de dois braços e NF=48) e localização das NORs (região terminal do maior par metacêntrico). A análise de eletroforeses em gel de amido de 20 presumíveis loci revelou uma diferenciação genética reduzida entre as duas espécies. De fato, apesar de que um total de dez alelos específicos tenham sido identificados, não há loci que não compartilhem alelos entre as duas espécies e a distância genética de Nei (D = 0,060) é menor do que os valores obtidos entre outras espécies de tainhas. Assim, os dados citogenéticos e alozímicos indicam graus de divergência diferentes entre M. rubrioculus e M. curema. Isto pode ser reflexo de uma divergência molecular subestimada por variação críptica ou a uma taxa de evolução molecular e cromossômica diferente. De qualquer maneira, esse estudo confirma o poder dos dados cariotípicos na discriminação de espécies de Mugilidae.

A comparative cytogenetic and allozyme analysis of sympatric specimens of Mugil rubrioculus and M. curema from Venezuela is reported. Specimens of M. rubrioculus exhibit a 2n=48 karyotype with exclusively acrocentric (NF=48) chromosomes, one pair of NORs interstitially located on chromosome pair number 8 and constitutive heterochromatin distributed in pericentromeric position of all chromosomes. Specimens of M. curema show cytogenetic features significantly different in comparison to M. rubrioculus in terms of chromosome number and morphology (2n=24 biarmed chromosomes, NF=48) and NORs location (telomeric region of the largest metacentric pair). Starch gel electrophoresis analysis at 20 presumptive loci reveals a reduced genetic differentiation between the two species. In fact, though a total of ten private alleles are identified; all loci share alleles between the two species and the obtained Nei’s genetic distance (D= 0.060) is lower than the values obtained between other congeneric mullet species. Thus, the cytogenetic and allozyme data sets indicate quite different degrees of genetic divergence between M. rubrioculus and M. curema. This could either reflect an underestimate of molecular divergence owing to cryptic variation or different rates of molecular/chromosomal evolution. Whatever the explanation, this study confirms the power of karyological data in discriminating species of Mugilidae.

Countries
Brazil, Italy
Keywords

Karyotype, 590, Gene-enzyme, Chromosome, C-banding, NORs, Mullets, Fluorescent in situ Hybridization

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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