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Componentes oxidantes e antioxidantes no colostro e leite materno maduro de mães de recém-nascidos prematuros e de termo: efeito da pré-eclâmpsia

Authors: Freitas, Natália Alves de;

Componentes oxidantes e antioxidantes no colostro e leite materno maduro de mães de recém-nascidos prematuros e de termo: efeito da pré-eclâmpsia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PE). The oxidant and antioxidant composition of breast milk in PE is not widely known. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PE on the oxidant and antioxidant composition of colostrum and mature milk. METHOD: Longitudinal cross-sectional study, with puerperal women from the Maternity Hospital of Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP, in the period 2015-2017. Were studied 300 puerperal women, divided into 2 groups, matched by gestational age: PE (n=150) and normotensive (n=150). The colostrum was obtained between 24-72 hours postpartum and mature milk at the end of the first month. Antioxidant enzymes: Glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed. The groups were compared using the Chi-square or Fisher's Exact test, ANOVA followed by the Wald test with confounding control. RESULTS: PE group, compared to the control group, showed higher concentrations of antioxidant enzymes SOD (U/mL) (0.05±0.04 vs 0.04±0.03) and CAT (nmol/min/mL) (560±677 vs 317±359) in the colostrum, and lower concentrations of MDA (nmol/mg) both in colostrum (12±11 vs 17±15) and mature milk (22±27 vs 38±68). As lactation progressed, there was an increase in MDA and a decrease in the CAT concentration in both groups. In PE, the antioxidant protective effect of colostrum was greater in premature and term gestation, compared to normotensive women. CONCLUSION: In pre-eclampsia, the oxidant/antioxidant composition of breast milk is modified, especially in colostrum, with a lower oxidant content and a higher concentration of antioxidants enzymes, which can benefit newborns, especially premature infants.

INTRODUÇÃO: Estresse oxidativo participa na patogênese da pré-eclâmpsia (PE). A composição oxidante e antioxidante do leite materno na PE é pouco conhecida. OBJETIVO: Investigar o efeito da PE na composição oxidante e antioxidante do colostro e leite maduro. MÉTODO: Estudo longitudinal de corte transversal, com puérperas da Maternidade da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP, no período de 2015-2017. Foram estudadas 300 puérperas, divididas em 2 grupos, pareados pela idade gestacional: PE (n=150) e normotensas (n=150). Colostro foi coletado entre 24-72 horas pós-parto e o leite maduro no final do primeiro mês. Foram dosadas enzimas antioxidantes: Glutationa peroxidase (GPx), Catalase (CAT) e Superóxido dismutase (SOD) e o marcador de peroxidação lipídica malondialdeído (MDA). Os grupos foram comparados pelo Qui-quadrado ou teste Exato de Fisher, ANOVA seguida pelo teste de Wald com controle de confundidores. RESULTADOS: No grupo PE, comparado ao controle, foram detectadas maiores concentrações das enzimas antioxidantes SOD(U/mL) (0,05±0,04 vs 0,04±0,03) e CAT(nmol/min/mL) (560±677 vs 317±359) no colostro, e menores concentrações de MDA(nmol/mg) tanto no colostro (12±11 vs 17±15) como no leite maduro (22±27 vs 38±68). Com a progressão da lactação houve aumento do MDA e diminuição da enzima CAT em ambos os grupos. Na PE o efeito protetor antioxidante do colostro foi maior tanto em prematuros como nos termos, em comparação às normotensas. CONCLUSÃO: Na pré-eclâmpsia a composição oxidante/antioxidante do leite materno modifica-se, principalmente no colostro, com menor conteúdo oxidante e maior concentração de antioxidantes, o que pode beneficiar os recém-nascidos, especialmente os prematuros.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Mastologia - FMB

Processo FAPESP: 14/12784-9

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Leite materno, Breast milk, Oxidantes, Colostrum, Colostro, Pré-eclâmpsia, Antioxidantes, Oxidants, Pre-eclampsia, Antioxidants

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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