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Estudo celular e molecular da Piper nigrum em linhagens tumorais de câncer de cabeça e pescoço

Authors: Sousa, Stefanie Oliveira de;

Estudo celular e molecular da Piper nigrum em linhagens tumorais de câncer de cabeça e pescoço

Abstract

O carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço com acometimento em regiões anatômicas do trato aerodigestivo superior representa o sexto tipo mais comum de câncer no mundo. O seu tratamento inclui cirurgia, terapia por irradiação e quimioterapia, entretanto, estes métodos são altamente invasivos, com um significativo comprometimento funcional. Em função disso, tratamentos fitoterápicos contra o câncer têm despertado interesse científico, e a Piper nigrum, uma planta utilizada no tratamento de diversas doenças, tem sido estudada por possuir moléculas bioativas com propriedades farmacológicas anticâncer. Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral avaliar o potencial efeito do extrato total da folha nas células sobre a morfologia, proliferação e migração celular, citotoxicidade, genotoxicidade, apoptose e necrose, ciclo celular, expressão gênica (PTGS2, PTGER3, PTGER4, MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1 e TIMP2) e proteica (PTGS2, PTGER4, MMP2), observando como o composto age e como essas alterações participam do processo tumoral. Para isso foram utilizadas duas linhagens de células tumorais (HEp-2 e SCC-25) e células normais orais (fibroblastos), após o tratamento com a Piper nigrum em três concentrações (10 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL e 100 µg/mL), por 4, 24, 48 e 72 horas. Os resultados evidenciaram que o extrato total da folha de Piper nigrum não altera a morfologia celular, mas diminui a proliferação e migração das células, não altera a viabilidade das células normais, e possui efeitos genotóxico, provavelmente por indução de apoptose celular, e ainda modula a expressão de genes e proteínas envolvidas com o processo inflamatório. Dessa maneira, o extrato total da folha de Piper nigrum parece apresentar uma sinergia entre seus metabólitos atuando diretamente nas células tumorigênicas por mecanismos relacionados às vias antiproliferativas, apoptóticas e/ou inflamatórias e abrem novas possibilidades de estudos futuros para terapias associadas no câncer de cabeça e pescoço.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with involvement in anatomical regions of the upper aerodigestive tract represents the sixth most common type of cancer in the world. The treatment includes surgery, irradiation therapy and chemotherapy, however, these methods are highly invasive, with significant functional impairment. In function of this, herbal treatments against cancer have aroused scientific interest, and Piper nigrum, a plant used in the treatment of various diseases, has been studied for having bioactive molecules with anti-cancer pharmacological properties. Therefore, the present work had as objective to evaluate the potential effect of total leaf extract on cells on morphology, proliferation and migration, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, apoptosis and necrosis, cell cycle, gene and protein expression, observing how the compound acts and how these changes participate in the tumoral process. For this, two tumorigenic cell lines (HEp-2 and SCC-25) and normal oral cells (Fibroblasts) were used, after treatment with Piper nigrum in three concentrations (10 µg / mL, 50 µg / mL and 100 µg / mL), for 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The results showed that the total extract of the leaf of Piper nigrum does not alter the cell morphology, but decreases the proliferation and migration of the cells, does not alter the viability of normal cells, and has genotoxic effects, probably by inducing cell apoptosis, and it also modulates the expression of genes and proteins involved with the inflammatory process. Thus, the total extract of the leaf of Piper nigrum seems to present a synergy between its metabolites acting directly on tumorigenic cells by mechanisms related to antiproliferative, apoptotic and/ or inflammatory pathways and open up new possibilities for future studies for associated therapies in cancer of head and neck.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pós-graduação em Biociências - IBILCE

Processo FAPESP: 2017/02100-3

CAPES: 88882.434449/2019-01

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Composto natural, Cultura de células, Apoptose, Ciclo celular, Apoptosis, Câncer, Cell culture, Natural compound, Cell cycle, Cancer

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Cancer Research