
handle: 11449/154108
A degeneração mixomatosa da válvula mitral (DMVM) é a enfermidade mais comum na clínica de pequenos animais no âmbito das cardiopatias, cuja evolução pode resultar em alterações hemodinâmicas importantes decorrentes dos mecanismos neuro-hormonais compensatórios. Embora seu diagnóstico seja relativamente simples, as alterações intrínsecas podem ser subestimadas pelos exames convencionais, a exemplo da disfunção sistólica e reserva miocárdica que podem passar despercebidas à ecocardiografia. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de disfunção sistólica em cães com DMVM por meio do teste de estresse farmacológico com dobutamina. Para tanto, foram utilizados três grupos de cães: G1 (n=8) grupo controle, G2 (n=7) animais com DMVM e diâmetro interno do ventrículo esquerdo em diástole indexado à aorta (DIVEd/Ao) 0,05) para as médias obtidas pré e pós dobutamina da FEC% e FEJ% entre todos os grupos, no entanto, houve diferença significativa dentro os grupos G1 e G2 quando analisados os momentos T0 e T1. Outrossim, verificando as médias obtidas do DIVEd/Ao, conclui-se que houve diferença entre os grupos G1 e G3 como também entre G2 e G3 (p<0,05). Por sua vez, as médias obtidas do DIVEs/Ao diferiram significativamente (p<0,05) em todos os grupos pré (T0) e pós dobutamina (T1), exceto no G3. Entre os grupos, as médias no T0, têm diferença estatística significante entre os grupos G1 e G3 (p<0,05). Ademais, Em relação ao VVEs/m², dentro dos grupos houve diferença significativa apenas entre G1 e G3. Já entre os tempos, apenas o G1 houve diferença entre T0 e T1. Por fim, constatou-se significância estatística (p<0,05) quando se correlacionou DIVEd/Ao com a VPM FEC% e VPM FEJ%, demonstrando que quanto maior o DIVEd/Ao menores são estas variáveis. Desta forma, conclui-se que a dobutamina é capaz de evidenciar disfunção sistólica em animais com DMVM, principalmente naqueles que têm um remodelamento maior (G3), sendo capaz de inferir uma forte relação entre o tamanho do DIVEd/Ao e disfunção sistólica. Além disso, notou -se que em animais com menor remodelamento do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), como os do grupo G2, a resposta inotrópica ao desafio farmacológico foi satisfatória, revelando a presença de reserva contrátil nestes pacientes. Por fim, o teste de estresse com dobutamina mostrou-se eficaz, seguro e aplicável na rotina clínica.
Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common cardiopathy in small animals, which evolution may result in important hemodynamic changes due to compensatory neurohormonal mechanisms. Although its diagnosis is relatively simple, intrinsic changes may be underestimated by conventional exams, as systolic dysfunction and myocardial reserve that may go unnoticed by echocardiograph. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of systolic dysfunction in dogs with MMVD through pharmacological stress test with dobutamine. The dogs were distributed in three groups: G1 (n = 8) control group, G2 (n = 7) animals with MMVD and left ventricular diastolic diameter indexed to the aorta (LVIDd:Ao) 0.05) for the averages obtained before and after dobutamine of the FS% and EF% among all groups, however, there was a significant difference between groups G1 and G2 when the T0 moments and T1. In addition, it was concluded that there were differences between the G1 and G3 groups as well as between G2 and G3 (p <0.05). Also, by means of the LVIDd:Ao means, it was concluded that there was a difference between the G1 and G3 groups as well as between G2 and G3 (p <0.05). In it’s turn, the means obtained from LVIDs:Ao differed significantly (p <0.05) in all groups before (T0) and post-dobutamine (T1), except in G3. Among the groups, the averages at T0, have significant statistical difference between the G1 and G3 groups (p <0.05). In addition, with respect to ESV/m², within the groups there was a significant difference only between G1 and G3. Among the times, only G1 showed differences between T0 and T1. Finally, statistical significance (p <0.05) was found when DIVEd / Ao correlated with MPV FS% and EF%, demonstrating that the higher the LVIDd:Ao the lower these variables. Therefore, it was determined that dobutamine can point to systolic dysfunction in animals with MMVD, especially those showing greater remodeling (G3), also inferring a strong relationship between LVIDd:Ao size and systolic dysfunction. Furthermore, in animals with less left ventricular (LV) remodeling, such as those in group G2, inotropic response to pharmacological challenge was satisfactory, revealing the presence of contractile reserve in these patients. To conclude, dobutamine stress test showed effective, safe and applicable in clinical routine.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV
ecocardiografia, endocardiose, mitral valve insufficiency, insuficiência mitral, estresse farmacológico, pharmacological stress, systolic dysfunction, disfunção sistólica, echocardiography, endocardiosis
ecocardiografia, endocardiose, mitral valve insufficiency, insuficiência mitral, estresse farmacológico, pharmacological stress, systolic dysfunction, disfunção sistólica, echocardiography, endocardiosis
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