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Impacto social do transplante cardíaco

Authors: Lemos, Cláudia Regina Haponczuk de;

Impacto social do transplante cardíaco

Abstract

Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender, por meio da representação social sobre transplante cardíaco, o impacto social produzido no cotidiano dos pacientes que se submeteram a esta proposta terapêutica, no Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Adotamos a metodologia qualitativa, entrevistando, com roteiro semi-estruturado, seis pacientes. Os dados obtidos e submetidos a análise de conteúdo possibilitaram identificar cinco eixos temáticos: da doação de órgãos ao órgão doado; as mudanças na vida; o suporte social, a finitude humana e a religiosidade. O estudo evidenciou que o transplante cardíaco foca a atenção do paciente na condição de estar vivo. A vida, propriamente dita, dá sentido ao seu cotidiano, as suas experiências e vivências. A necessidade de suportes para operacionalizar as aspirações dos pacientes, configurou-se como imprescindível. O suporte social viabiliza a sobrevivência, suprindo necessidades básicas materiais e afetivas. A possibilidade de manterem-se vivos está atrelada ao acesso imediato a um sistema de saúde. O suporte espiritual, caracterizado como energia vital, confere aos pacientes, o sentido da transcendência de uma vida de privações para uma vida divina e até mesmo eterna. A compreensão das pessoas deve ser a essência das ações na área da saúde. Esperamos que, este estudo contribua com os programas assistenciais e de educação em transplantes cardíacos, construídos a partir da ótica dos pacientes, tornando a aderência ao tratamento mais eficaz.

This study intended to understand, by the social representations of heart transplantation, what was the social impact it had on the everyday life of patients submitted to this therapeutic approach at the Instituto do Coração of Hospital das Clínicas of Faculdade de Medicina of Universidade de São Paulo. We adopted a qualitative methodology and interviewed six patients following a semi-structured script. The data collected and submitted to content analysis led to the identification of five key thematic issues: from organ donation to donated organ; changes in life; social support, human finitude and religiousness. The study evidenced that in heart transplantation the patients' focus of attention is at being alive. Life, per se, gives meaning to their everyday activities and experiences. The need to have support in coping with patients' aspirations proved to be indispensable. Social support enables survival, providing for material and affective basic needs. The possibility of staying alive is connected to immediate access to health care. Spiritual support, characterized as vital energy, conveys to patients the sense of transcendence, from a life of deprivation to a divine and even eternal life. People's understanding should be the core of healthcare actions. We sincerely hope that this study can contribute to other healthcare and educational programs in heart transplantation, building things from the patients' perspective and promoting greater treatment compliance.

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

Country
Brazil
Keywords

Healthcare system, Social Work, Transplante cardíaco - Suporte social, Spiritual support, Heart transplantation, Transplante - Questões sociais, Sistemas de saúde, Serviço social - Saúde - Doenças cardíacas

  • BIP!
    Impact byBIP!
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    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    0
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green