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Biomateriales para implantes oculares

Authors: Arroyo Barrios, Ana María;

Biomateriales para implantes oculares

Abstract

En esta revisión bibliográfica tratamos los diferentes biomateriales utilizados en tres tipo s de implantes oculares : prótesis oculares, implantes orbitarios y queratoprótesis ; aunque al final de nuestro escrito realizamos un breve apunte acerca de los disp ositivos intr a oculares. Para ello realizamos un breve repaso anatómico del globo ocular para así poder entender cómo han de reconstruir o reemplazar la funcionalidad ocular los implantes oculares expuestos anteriormente . A demás, r e damos el significado de l concepto de biocompatibilidad y qué conlleva que un material sea biocompatible . J unto a todo lo anterior, el tipo de reacciones adversas que pueden provocar en el ser humano por su inclusión en el organismo . También expusimos las necesidades de los pacien tes portadores de implantes, para poder conocer qué características han de cumplir los materiales que se han de aplicar a ellos, al igual que la definición de implante ideal para cada uno de los casos tratados en esta revisión . En todos ellos su funcionali dad y biocompatibilidad son primordial es , por lo que se ha realiza do u na amplia búsqueda sobre los materiales más usados a día de hoy en cada uno de los implantes mencionados , exponiendo sus cualidades, sus propiedades y su grado de biocompatibilidad , como son el PMMA, PHEMA, PTFE, criolita , silicona, etc. Al final de est a revisión tratamos los nuevos materiales que se están empezando a aplicar en este campo de estudio, como son el PLA, el P(VCL - co - DMAEMA+ - co - MPC) y por último el UNCD . Estos tres han presentado características muy adecuadas para su aplicación en implantes oculares, llegando a ser soluciones prometedoras para muchos de los problemas que sufren los portadores de estos dispositivos.

Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Óptica y Optometría

Country
Spain
Related Organizations
Keywords

biocompatibilidad, prótesis ocular, implante, biomaterial, queratoprótesis, implante orbitario

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green