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Análisis de metaheurística híbrida HPV aplicada en entorno de tipo Jobshop con objetivos sostenibles

Authors: Ojeda Carmona, Francisco;

Análisis de metaheurística híbrida HPV aplicada en entorno de tipo Jobshop con objetivos sostenibles

Abstract

Una de las principales metas fijadas por la programación de la producción es el de conseguir alcanzar ciertos niveles de eficiencia energética. En lo que concierne a la fabricación, cada vez adquiere más relevancia el buen uso de las fuentes de energía, ya que, el malgasto energético, puede llevar a las empresas a no cumplir con las normas básicas de sostenibilidad y desarrollo medioambiental y tener unos costes energéticos que les impida competir en el mercado. En términos de estudio, esta consideración energética puede reflejarse dentro de un problema de optimización o bien minimizando el tiempo máximo de terminación de los trabajos (makespan), o bien minimizando la suma de tiempos ociosos entre los trabajos para todas las máquinas (Core Idle Time). En este trabajo, se plantea un problema de entorno tipo taller (Jobshop) en el cual se fijan como funciones objetivo las dos casuísticas mencionadas anteriormente (minimización de makespan y minimización de Core Idle Time). Para la resolución, se opta por utilizar y comparar las siguientes tres metaheurísticas: AGS (Algoritmo Genético Simple), SA (Simulated Annealing) y el algoritmo híbrido HPV (Hybrid PSO -VNS), que surge de la combinación de las metaheurísticas PSO (Particle Swarm Operation) y VNS (Variable Neighbourhood Search). Para la realización del análisis, se ha codificado el problema en lenguaje Python y se han estudiado una batería de instancias Jobshop conocidas en el mundo de la programación como son las instancias de Fisher y Thomson (FT) y Lawrence (LA). Una vez se tienen los resultados numéricos en Microsoft Excel de los tres algoritmos para cada función objetivo, se demuestra que el algoritmo de estudio HPV presenta mejoras frente a los algoritmos AGS y SA y que, la función objetivo de minimización de tiempos ociosos entre los trabajos, puede conducir a una solución distinta de la que proporciona la minimización de makespan. La elección de qué función objetivo resulta más sostenible u económica dependerá, para cada caso particular, del coste que supone pausar las máquinas, qué máquinas se pausan o de la prioridad dada al makespan.

One of the main goals set by production programming is to achieve certain levels of energy efficiency. As far as manufacturing is concerned, the proper use of energy sources is becoming more and more important, since energy waste can lead companies to not comply with the basic standards of sustainability and environmental development and has higher costs. In terms of study, this energy consideration can be reflected within an optimization problem either by minimizing the maximum completion time of each job (makespan), or by minimizing the sum of core idle times for all machines (Core Idle Time). In this work, a problem framed in a Jobshop layout is proposed in which the two cases mentioned above (makespan minimization and weighted Core Idle Time minimization) are set as objective functions. To solve the problem, we use three metaheuristics: AGS (Simple Genetic Algorithm), SA (Simulated Annealing) and HPV (Hybrid PSO-VNS), which is born from the combination of the PSO (Particle Swarm Operation) and VNS (Variable Neighborhood Search) metaheuristics. To carry out the analysis, the problem has been coded in Python language and a well-known set of instances for the Jobshop problem in the programming world have been studied, such as the Fisher and Thomson (FT) and Lawrence (LA) instances. Once the numerical results are obtained in Microsoft Excel for the three algorithms for each objective function, it is shown that the HPV study algorithm presents improvements over the AGS and SA algorithms. On the other hand, the objective function for minimizing core idle times can lead to a different solution than the one provided by the makespan minimization. The choice of which objective function is more sustainable or economical will depend, for each case, on the cost of determine the time that machines are in stand by, which machines are idle, or the priority given to the makespan.

Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Ingeniería de Tecnologías Industriales

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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