
handle: 11441/147497
Las actuales políticas energéticas dictaminadas por la Comisión Europea persiguen como último objetivo la descarbonización de la economía para 2050, siendo dicho proceso acelerado debido al conflicto bélico vivido en la actualidad. Centrándose el presente trabajo en la descarbonización del sector industrial, se ha demostrado que la electrificación de los diferentes procesos industriales a través de energías limpias posee una muy alta eficiencia. El vector energético para una electrificación libre de emisiones y de combustibles fósiles que se está extendiendo con una mayor celeridad es el hidrógeno verde, que es producido a través de electrolizadores, ya que posee una gran variedad de usos, como: materia prima, combustible y medio de almacenamiento de energía. El presente TFM realiza un análisis técnico y económico sobre la viabilidad de sustituir el proceso de reformado de vapor de una planta real de amoniaco de producción media por un conjunto de electrolizadores PEM accionados por electricidad proveniente de un campo fotovoltaico, con un sistema de baterías para que la planta pueda operar en continuo. También se considera incorporar los equipos necesarios para que el proceso sea libre de emisiones. Por último, se realiza un modelo de optimización para estudiar la viabilidad de una planta híbrida entre producción de amoniaco verde y gris.
The current energy policies dictated by the European Commission pursue the decarbonisation of the economy by 2050 as the ultimate objective, and this process is being accelerated due to the current war conflict. Focusing the present work on the decarbonisation of the industrial sector, it has been demonstrated that the electrification of the different industrial processes by means of clean energies has a very high efficiency. The energy vector for emission-free and fossil fuel-free electrification that is spreading most rapidly is green hydrogen, which is produced by electrolysers, as it has a wide variety of uses as a raw material, fuel and energy storage medium. This TFM carries out a technical and economic analysis of the feasibility of replacing the steam methane reforming process of a real medium production ammonia plant with a set of PEM electrolysers driven by electricity from a photovoltaic field, with a battery system so that the plant can operate continuously. It is also considered to incorporate the necessary equipment to make the process emission-free. Finally, an optimisation model is carried out to study the feasibility of a hybrid plant between green and grey ammonia production.
Universidad de Sevilla. Máster universitario en Ingeniería Industrial
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