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Evaluación del estado límite último de fatiga en pasarelas peatonales

Authors: Muñoz Pereira, Juan Francisco;

Evaluación del estado límite último de fatiga en pasarelas peatonales

Abstract

La tendencia actual a realizar diseños estructurales de pasarelas cada vez más esbeltos, con el objetivo de conseguir una reducción económica en el coste de construcción, conlleva una pérdida o reducción de la rigidez de la pasarela, lo que hace que ésta sea más sensible a los efectos de las cargas dinámicas introducidas por los flujos peatonales. La carga introducida por los peatones a la pasarela, consiste en una carga dinámica cíclica, caracterizada principalmente por la frecuencia de paso del peatón. La pérdida de rigidez de la pasarela debida a la búsqueda de una mayor esbeltez, provoca que las frecuencias naturales de la estructura se vean reducidas, llegando a coincidir en algunos casos con las frecuencias de aplicación de las cargas que actúan sobre la pasarela. En ese caso, la esbeltez de las pasarelas unido a la actuación de cargas dinámicas cíclicas producidas por el paso de los peatones, puede dar lugar a la aparición del fenómeno de la fatiga en la pasarela, siendo necesaria la evaluación de su comportamiento en la misma. Por tanto, en este trabajo se pretende evaluar el estado límite último de fatiga en cuatro tipologías de pasarela diferente. El objetivo es comprobar si el fenómeno de la fatiga se va a desarrollar en las pasarelas como consecuencia de la acción del paso de los peatones sobre la misma y en caso de que esto ocurra, identificar que tipología de pasarela es más sensible a dicho fenómeno. Para ello se van a elaborar los modelos de elementos finitos de cuatro tipologías de pasarelas reales o teóricas, que posteriormente se emplearán para realizar la evaluación de su comportamiento a fatiga. Para la comprobación a fatiga de las pasarelas se va a emplear el método del daño acumulado, el cual permite obtener el daño producido por este fenómeno en la pasarela.

The current trend towards increasingly slender structural designs of footbridges, with the objective of achieving an economic reduction in the cost of construction, leads to a loss or reduction in the stiffness of the footbridge, which makes it more sensitive to the effects of the dynamic loads introduced by pedestrian flows. The load introduced by the pedestrians to the footbridge, consists in a cyclical dynamic load, characterized mainly by the frequency of pedestrian passage. The loss of stiffness of the footbridge due to the search for greater slenderness causes the natural frequencies of the structure to be reduced, in some cases coinciding with the frequencies of application of the loads acting on the footbridge. In this case, the slenderness of the footbridge, together with the cyclic dynamic loads produced by the pedestrian crossing, can give rise to the phenomenon of fatigue in the footbridge, making necessary to evaluate behaviour. Therefore, this work intends to evaluate the ultimate limit state of fatigue in four different footbridge typologies. The objective is to check if the fatigue phenomenon will develop in the footbridges as a consequence of the action of the pedestrian crossing and if this happens, to identify which type of footbridge is more sensitive to this phenomenon. To this end, finite element models will be developed for four types of real or theoretical footbridges, which will then be used to evaluate their fatigue behaviour. The accumulated damage method will be used to check the fatigue behaviour of the footbridges, which will make possible to obtain the damage caused by this phenomenon to the footbridge.

Universidad de Sevilla. Máster en Ingeniería de Caminos, Canales y Puertos

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Spain
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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