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Roma İmparatorluğun’da Kilise Konsillerinin Siyasallaşması: İznik Örneği

Authors: Kaçar, Turhan;

Roma İmparatorluğun’da Kilise Konsillerinin Siyasallaşması: İznik Örneği

Abstract

The Christian opinions regarding the nature of the early church councils differed whether they were an instrument of the Christian propaganda or they were the platforms for political conflicts. This paper, having taken the council of Nicaea as a case study, seeks to redress the balance between these two entirely different perceptions. The approach here is an attempt to understand the degree of the politicization of a church meeting from the aspects of convocation, the way the Church Fathers handled the business, the imperial attitudes and expectations. I have four main concerns here; the reasons behind the relocation of council from Ankcyra to Nikaia, the contribution of the imperial bureau to politicization and controversies on the creeds and canons. My answers to the above problems are mainly these. The change of the site of the council was completely a political enterprise of Eusebius of Nicomedia, as he discerned the disaster the Arians would have come across. The imperial authority did not directly get involved the religious controversies, the emperor only wanted to unite the church. The early church fathers tried every method to produce a text which would test or excommunicate their rivals. However the church councils were not that bad at all, as they were also concerned the moral and religious problems of their congregations and it was through the church councils that the identity of catholic or orthodox emerged out of shadow.

Erken Kilise konsillerinin yapısı eskiçağlı Hıristiyan yazarlar tarafından farklı değelendirilmektedir. Bir yanda bu konsilleri Hıristiyanlık propagandası için geliştirilmiş kurumlar olarak ele alınırken, öbür yanda, konsiller siyasal çatışmalar platformu olarak görülmektedir. İznik konsilini temel alan bu çalışma bu iki farklı fikri dengelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Burdaki yaklaşım, kilise konsillerinin toplanmasından, kilise liderlerinin sorunlara yaklaşım tarzına kadar değişen derecelerde siyasallaşmayı ele almaktır. İznik konsiline ilişkin burada dört temel problem tesbit edilmiştir: toplantı yerinin Ankara 'dan İznik'e aktarılması, imparatorluk makamının müdahaleleri, itikad metninin ve kanonların siyasallaştırılması.Konsil yerinin degistirilmesi tamamen kilise içi politik kaygılardan kaynaklanmaktadır. Imparatorun amacı dini sorunlara bulaşmaktan ziyade kiliseyi birleştirecek bir çözüm bulma iken, kilise liderleri rakiplerini saf dışı bırakmak için hemen her yolu denemkteydiler.Ancak konsiller Hıristiyanlık tarihi açısından ele alındıgı zaman büsbütün olumsuz sonuçlar da dogurmamıştır, çünkü hem kilise disiplini hem de itikadi kimlik bu konsillerde tanımlanmıştır.

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Turkey
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Keywords

230, Dördüncü Yüzyıl Kilise Tarihi, The Council Of Nicaea, The Council of Nicaea, Ariusçu Tartışma, The Fourth-Century Church Politics, the Council of Nicaea, the Arian Controversy., The Arian Controversy, The Fourth-Century Church Politics, Dördüncü Yüzyıl Kilise tarihi, İznik Konsili, jel: jel:Z00

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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