This study was performed to identify the efferent pathways which mediate vasodilation during activation of the coronary chemoreflex and to compare the reflex responses in vessels in skeletal muscle and skin. Reflex vasodilator responses (decreases in perfusion pressure) were measured in innervated, perfused gracilis muscle and hindpaw of dogs during activation of the coronary chemoreflex with intracoronary injections of nicotine. Reflex vasodilator responses to intracoronary nicotine (1.25 and 2.50 mu-g per kilogram) averaged -14 plus or minus 5 (S.E.M.) and -34 plus or minus 6 mm. Hg, respectively, in muscle, but only -5 plus or minus 2 and -10 plus or minus 4 mm. Hg, respectively, in paw. Atropine, tripelennamine, and propranolol did not alter the vasodilation. Guanethidine blocked reflex vasodilation in muscle. The reflex vasodilator responses in paw were slight and were not significantly attenuated by guanethidine. The results indicate that sympathetic cholinergic pathways to skeletal muscle do not participate in the coronary chemoreflex. The reflex vasodilation in muscle results from withdrawal of adrenergic constrictor tone. The efferent pathway demonstrates that the coronary chemoreflex does not produce striking withdrawal of adrenergic tone in paw. The results indicate, therefore, that activation of the coronary chemoreflex results in greater withdrawal of adrenergic constrictor tone and greater vasodilation in muscle than in skin.