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Alimentazione e salute nell'area adriatico-alpina (secoli XIV-XV)

Authors: DEGRASSI, DONATA;

Alimentazione e salute nell'area adriatico-alpina (secoli XIV-XV)

Abstract

Il presente lavoro è focalizzato sugli usi alimentari nell’area del patriarcato di Aquileia (attuale Friuli, Slovenia e aree vicine), sulle loro relazioni con le risorse del territorio e sul loro rapporto con le conoscenze mediche dell’epoca. L’obiettivo era di indagare non tanto le conoscenze teoriche, quanto di verificare la penetrazione di tali conoscenze nella società, almeno nei suoi strati elevati, e di accertare se la diffusione di consumi alimentari fosse influenzata dal sapere medico. Motivazioni a tutela della salute pubblica sono alla base delle norme degli statuti comunali cittadini che regolamentavano l’afflusso e la vendita dei generi alimentari sul mercato cittadino. Indicazioni molto interessanti sono venute dall’analisi di testi assai peculiari, come le prescrizioni contenute nel consilium redatto dal medico Geremia Simeoni per il Luogotenente della patria del Friuli Zaccaria Trevisan e soprattutto nel Libro di ser Nicolò de Portis, un nobile friulano che ricopiò in suo quaderno consigli medici, ricette e prescrizioni utili in caso di malattia, regole dietetiche, proprietà e controindicazioni di ciascun alimento. Queste informazioni sono state messe a confronto con le descrizioni di banchetti a cui partecipò Paolo Santonino nel corso di una visita pastorale in Carinzia, Stiria e Carniola. E’ stato messo in luce come la successione delle portate - in particolare l’alternanza della carne e del pesce - e i loro modi di cottura rispondessero alle indicazioni derivanti dalla ‘teoria degli umori’. This paper focuses on the eating habits in the Patriarchate of Aquileia (nowadays Friuli, Slovenia and nearby areas), on their relationship with local resources and their connections with the medical knowledge of the time. The goal is not to examine the theoretical cognitions of the time, but to verify the penetration of such knowledge in society, or at least in the upper classes, and to determine whether food consumption was influenced by medical knowledge. The goal of the rules established by the municipal statutes that regulated the flow and the sale of food in market towns was the protection of public health. The examination of peculiar texts – such as the prescriptions contained in the ‘consilium’ written by the physician Jeremiah Simeoni for the Lieutenant of the Patria of Friuli Zaccaria Trevisan and in the Book of Ser Nicholas de Portis, a nobleman from Friuli who copied in his notebook medical advices, recipes and prescriptions which were useful in case of illness, dietary rules, properties and contraindications of each food, helped to gather noteworthy elements and significant material which was then read in the light of the descriptions of banquets attended by Paolo Santonino during his pastoral visit to Carinthia, Styria and Carniola. The essay also explains how the different courses which were served – particularly the alternation of meat and fish – and their cooking methods fulfilled the requirements of the ’theory of humors’.

Country
Italy
Related Organizations
Keywords

medieval medical knowledges, consilia medica, food consumption, medieval eating habits

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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