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Article . 2014
License: CC BY NC SA
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Índice da qualidade física em solos coesos na faixa costeira do Brasil

Authors: De Lima, Herdjania Veras; Da Silva, Alvaro Pires; Balarezzo Giarola, Neyde Fabíola; Imhoff, Silvia del Carmen;

Índice da qualidade física em solos coesos na faixa costeira do Brasil

Abstract

Muitos solos exibem o comportamento coeso, o qual caracteriza solos que, quando secos, apresentam incremento acentuado de resistência à penetração e sensível redução dessa resistência, quando úmidos, oferecendo sérias limitações à emergência e ao crescimento das plantas. Com os objetivos de avaliar o nível de degradação da estrutura em solos coesos com diferentes classes texturais e estabelecer um índice para determinar o grau de dureza dos solos que apresentam o caráter coeso, foram selecionados seis perfis de solos previamente identificados no campo e localizados em diferentes regiões do país. Testaram-se os índices: S, que determina a qualidade física do solo; e o H, que avalia o grau de dureza e o estresse efetivo sofrido pelo solo durante o secamento. Ambos os índices foram definidos por meio de funções preestabelecidas, utilizando dados da curva de retenção de água no solo. Os resultados comprovaram que o caráter coeso identificado em diferentes solos, na faixa de Tabuleiros Costeiros do Brasil, evidenciou níveis distintos de adensamento (dureza) e pode ser quantificado satisfatoriamente pelo índice H. A utilização do índice S foi adequada para avaliar as condições estruturais dos solos com caráter coeso, classificando-se como bons ou ruins para o cultivo, mas somente quando o solo estava na umidade correspondente ao ponto de inflexão. O índice H comprovou que o aumento da densidade do solo nos solos coesos é proveniente do aumento do estresse efetivo e não da textura do solo. Valores de Ds > 1,48 kg dm-3 permitem o enquadramento do solo como coeso, em razão da organização estrutural ser considerada “ruim”

Many soils have a hard-setting behavior, also known as cohesive or “coesos”. In such soils, the penetration resistance increases markedly when dry and decreases considerably when moist, creating serious limitations for plant emergence and growth. To evaluate the level of structure degradation in hardsetting soils with different texture classes and to create an index for assessing soil hardness levels in hard-setting soils, six soil representative profiles were selected in the field in various regions of Brazil. The following indices were tested: S, which measures soil physical quality, and H, which analyzes the degree of hardness and the effective stress in the soil during drying. Both indices were calculated using previously described functions based on data from the water-retention curves for the soils. The hard-setting values identified in different soils of the Brazilian Coastal Tablelands have distinct compaction (hardness) levels and can be satisfactorily measured by the H index. The S index was adequate for evaluating the structural characteristics of the hard-setting soils, classifying them as suitable or poor for cultivation, but only when the moisture level of the soil was near the inflection point. The H index showed that increases in density in hard-setting soils result from increases in effective stress and not from the soil texture. Values for Bd > 1.48 kg dm-3 classify the soil as hard-setting, and the structural organization is considered “poor”.

Fil: Imhoff, Silvia del Carmen. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnologia del Litoral; Argentina

Fil: Balarezzo Giarola, Neyde Fabíola. Universidade de São Paulo. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz; Brasil

Fil: Da Silva, Alvaro Pires. Universidade Do Sao Paulo. Escola Sup D/agricultura Luiz de Queiroz Esalq; Brasil

Fil: De Lima, Herdjania Veras. Universidade Federal Rural de Amazonia; Brasil

Country
Argentina
Keywords

S index, coastal tablelands, tabuleiros costeiros, consistencia do solo, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4.1, soil consistency, hardened horizons, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/4, indice S, horizontes endurecidos

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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