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CONICET Digital
Article . 2017
License: CC BY NC SA
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Aplicación de isótopos estables como indicadores de flujos de energía en ambientes costeros de Uruguay

Authors: Bergamino, Leandro; Tudurí, Adriana; Bueno, Carolina; Brugnoli, Ernesto; Valenzuela, Luciano Oscar; Martínez, Ana; Perez Becoña, Laura; +1 Authors

Aplicación de isótopos estables como indicadores de flujos de energía en ambientes costeros de Uruguay

Abstract

El análisis de isótopos estables en sedimentos, vegetales y animales representa una herramienta de importancia para estudios ecológicos, reconstrucciones paleoclimáticas y paleoambientales. Con base en la diferenciación isotópica entre productores primarios, esta técnica ha tenido un gran impacto en la identificación de flujos de energía entre ecosistemas terrestres y acuáticos adyacentes y en la estructura trófica. Se sintetizan aquí la nomenclatura y los principios básicos para la aplicación de isótopos estables en estudios de ambientes acuáticos. Además, se muestra su utilidad describiendo tres ejemplos recientes en ambientes costeros de Uruguay con diferentes objetivos: 1) evaluar el origen de la materia orgánica en sedimentos del Río de la Plata, 2) determinar la importancia trófica de una especie de diatomea en playas arenosas de Uruguay, y 3) evaluar la influencia de la materia orgánica antropogénica en la Bahía de Montevideo. La composición isotópica de las fuentes de materia orgánica permitió inferir los mecanismos involucrados en la transferencia de materia orgánica en los ecosistemas costeros. En esta revisión se subrayan las ventajas de este marcador isotópico de carbono que permite discriminar fuentes de materia orgánica. Asimismo, la combinación con otros análisis complementarios como la espectrofluorometría o los biopolímeros resulta importante en investigaciones de funcionamiento ecosistémico.

Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of plants, sediments and animals has been used as a common tool employed in different studies including ecology, and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Because of the different isotopic values among primary producers, this is a powerful tool to trace pathways of exchange of organic matter between ecosystems. We describe the basic principles, including nomenclature, of the application the isotopic approach in coastal environmental studies. Furthermore, we present three recent studies with the isotopic approach for: 1) assess the distribution of deposited organic matter within the Río de la Plata estuary, 2) determine the trophic importance of a diatom from a surf zone in sandy beach food webs, and 3) assess the influence of the anthropogenic organic matter within the Montevideo Bay. The isotopic composition of organic matter sources allowed the study of different aspect of ecosystem function including the characterization of the organic matter pathways. This review highlighted the significant utility of this complementary tool for the study of ecological process and could be useful in the identification of changes in coastal environments

Fil: Valenzuela, Luciano Oscar. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Arqueología. Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva Humana (sede Quequen); Argentina. University of Utah; Estados Unidos

Fil: Perez Becoña, Laura. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Fil: Scarabino, Fabricio. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Fil: Bergamino, Leandro. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Fil: Brugnoli, Ernesto. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Fil: Tudurí, Adriana. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Fil: Bueno, Carolina. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Fil: Martínez, Ana. Universidad de la República; Uruguay

Country
Argentina
Keywords

https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green