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Sierras de Tandil: geopatrimonio bajo escenario de oportunidades y riesgos en Argentina

Authors: Schneider, Gonzalo; Sberna, Diego Guillaume; Lapena, Jorge;

Sierras de Tandil: geopatrimonio bajo escenario de oportunidades y riesgos en Argentina

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza la factibilidad de patrimonializar las rocas balanceadas (popularmente conocidas como ‘movedizas’) de las Sierras de Tandil (Argentina), a partir de su eventual inclusión en la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO mediante los criterios viii y v, relativos respectivamente a procesos geológicos de relevancia universal y a la valorización histórica de estas rarezas naturales. Estas geoformas constituyen afloramientos precámbricos del Cratón del Río de la Plata, cuya antigüedad supera los 2.200 millones de años, es decir, las más antiguas del país e incluso entre la nómina de los primeros relieves del planeta. Esculpidas por procesos de meteorización diferencial, estas formaciones se encuentran profundamente arraigadas en la identidad local. A partir de una estrategia cualitativa en el marco de las Ciencias Sociales, que combinó revisión documental, análisis normativo, entrevistas semiestructuradas y diagnóstico FODA, se indagaron las dimensiones geológica, normativa y sociocultural que configuran su valor territorial. Los resultados revelan un escenario complejo en el que convergen condiciones únicas, como la singularidad geológica, la apropiación simbólica del paisaje y el desarrollo turístico, con debilidades estructurales significativas, entre ellas, carencia de normas protectoras, una ausencia de un plan de manejo y una tendencia poco sustentable del uso del espacio serrano. A su vez, se reconocieron oportunidades vinculadas al geoturismo y la cooperación intersectorial, a modo de contrarrestar la influencia de usos y destinos del suelo asociados a los negocios inmobiliarios y a actividades nocivas para el ambiente, con la consecuente pérdida progresiva de memoria patrimonial. En este sentido, la institucionalización de patrimonios territoriales a través de normas de alcance multiescalar puede enmarcarse dentro de las propuestas de la UNESCO, contenidas en el Geoparque, ya que contemplan grados de antropización más que una geoconservación estricta, que hoy sería difícil de instrumental en el contexto de reservas naturales.

This study analyzes the feasibility of inscribing the balanced rocks of the Tandil Hills in Argentina as World Heritage under UNESCO criteria viii and v, which refer respectively to geological processes of outstanding universal value and to the historical appreciation of these natural rarities. These landforms are Precambrian outcrops of the Río de la Plata Craton, with an age exceeding 2.2 billion years, making them the oldest in the country and among the earliest known reliefs on Earth. Sculpted by differential weathering, these formations are deeply rooted in local identity. Within a qualitative approach in the framework of the Social Sciences, combining document review, regulatory analysis, semi-structured interviews, and SWOT diagnosis, this work investigates the geological, normative, and sociocultural dimensions that shape their territorial value. Findings reveal a complex scenario where unique conditions such as geological singularity, symbolic appropriation of the landscape, and tourism development intersect with significant structural weaknesses including the absence of protective regulations, lack of a management plan, and unsustainable land use trends. Conversely, the study identifies opportunities linked to geotourism and intersectoral cooperation, which could counteract pressures from real estate ventures and environmentally harmful activities that contribute to the progressive loss of heritage memory. In this context, the institutionalization of territorial heritage through multiscalar regulations aligns with UNESCO proposals such as the Global Geopark initiative, which prioritizes anthropogenic integration over strict geoconservation, a currently challenging approach within natural reserves.

Fil: Sberna, Diego Guillaume. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Humanidades. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades; Argentina

Fil: Schneider, Gonzalo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Centro de Investigaciones Geográficas; Argentina

Fil: Lapena, Jorge. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas. Centro de Investigaciones Geográficas; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

GEOPATRIMONIO, PATRIMONIALIZACION, GEOCONSERVACIÓN, SIERRAS DE TANDIL, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.7

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green