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Darwiniana
Article . 2012
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CONICET Digital
Article . 2012
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AREAS OF ENDEMISM IN THE SOUTHERN CENTRAL ANDES

Authors: Aagesen, Lone; Bena, María Julia; Nomdedeu, Soledad María; Panizza , Adela Maria; López, Ramiro P.; Zuloaga, Fernando Omar;

AREAS OF ENDEMISM IN THE SOUTHERN CENTRAL ANDES

Abstract

Este trabajo analiza la distribución de especies de plantas vasculares endémicas de la porción surde los Andes centrales (sudoeste de Bolivia y noroeste de Argentina). En el análisis se incluyeron 540especies endémicas de la región estudiada (aproximadamente 720.600 km2). La mayoría de las especiesendémicas se halla en ambientes semiáridos, entre 1500-3500 m s.m., encontrándose principalmente envalles, laderas y mesetas del topográficamente complejo sur de los Andes centrales. Las áreas de endemismosaquí halladas se presentan consecuentemente en ambientes áridos y no en ambientes húmedossubtropicales de las Yungas tucumano-bolivianas, a pesar de que en esta última región la diversidad deplantas vasculares es mayor. Se identificaron un total de 17 patrones de distribución bien definidos, yparcialmente solapados. El patrón de distribución más amplio define un área general de endemismospara los Andes centrales. Esta área se extiende a lo largo de casi toda la región y está delimitada porespecies que se distribuyen en ambientes desérticos a sub-húmedos en laderas, valles o regiones altoandinas.Casi todas las restantes áreas de endemismo se encuentran anidadas dentro del patrón de distribuciónamplio antes citado, superponiéndose en el sentido norte-sur a lo largo de pendientes y valles delos Andes y de las Sierras Pampeanas. A pesar del sesgo observado en la distribución hacia ambientes áridos, aproximadamente la mitad de las especies endémicas están restringidas a unas pocas áreas dealto endemismo, las que se encuentran en yuxtaposición con las zonas más lluviosas de la región. Estasáreas de alto endemismo incluyen los rangos de hábitat más amplios de la región en términos de altitudy precipitación, siendo las especies endémicas igualmente variables en sus requerimientos de humedady elevación. Las unidades fitogeográficas previamente definidas por diversos autores no fueron encontradasentre los patrones de distribución hallados; no obstante, la parte norte de la provincia Prepuneñapuede ser definida con dos patrones de distribución parcialmente superpuestos.

This paper analyzes the distribution of vascular plants species endemic to the southern central Andes (south-western Bolivia and north-western Argentina). All 540 species endemic to the study regions (approx. 720600 km2 ) have been included in the analysis. The main part of the endemic species is found in semiarid habitats between 1500-3500 m asl pointing to the topographically complex plateau, slope, and valley system of the southern central Andes as the main locations for its endemic flora. The distribution of the endemic species within arid sites is in contrast with that of vascular plant diversity in general, as the most diverse habitat of the region is the moist subtropical Tucumano-Bolivian Yungas forest of the eastern Andes slope. A total of 17 well defined and partly overlapping distribution patterns were indentified. The broadest distribution pattern defines a general area of endemism for the southern central Andes. This area extends through nearly the entire region and is defined by species that are widespread within the region in desert to sub-humid environments of the high Andes, slopes, or valleys. Nearly all other areas of endemism are nested within this broad distribution pattern as successively north-south overlapping areas along the slopes and valleys of the Andes and the Pampeanas Range. Despite the distributional bias of endemism towards the arid sites almost half of the endemic species are restricted to a few high endemic areas that lie in juxtaposition to the main rainfall zones. These areas contain the widest habitat ranges in terms of altitude and rainfall within the region with the endemic species being equally variable in altitude and moisture requirements. Previous defined phytogeographic units were not recognized among the distribution patterns. However, the northern part of the Prepuna can be defined as two partly overlapping distribution patterns.

Fil: Nomdedeu, Soledad María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina

Fil: Zuloaga, Fernando Omar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina

Fil: Panizza , Adela Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina

Fil: Bena, María Julia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina

Fil: Aagesen, Lone. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Botánica Darwinion; Argentina

Fil: López, Ramiro P.. Universidad de La Serena; Chile

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Areas of endemism, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.7, Biogeography, QH301-705.5, Vascular plants, Science, QK1-989, Q, Botany, Biology (General), https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, Southern central Andes

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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