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Recubrimientos comestibles activos como tecnología poscosecha para preservar la calidad de moras

Authors: Goñi, María Gabriela; Alvarez, María Victoria; Fasciglione, Gabriela; Yommi, Alejandra Karina; Moreira, Maria del Rosario;

Recubrimientos comestibles activos como tecnología poscosecha para preservar la calidad de moras

Abstract

Las moras son frutos de gran valor comercial, pero a su vez de elevada fragilidad y con acotada vida útil. Teniendo en cuenta su extrema fragilidad y propensión al deterioro mecánico, resulta necesario ahondar en alternativas tecnológicas que permitan prolongar su vida útil. El uso de recubrimientos comestibles surge como una alternativa prometedora para preservar la calidad poscosecha de las moras. En ellos pueden ser incorporados aditivos naturales como antimicrobianos, antioxidantes, agentes de firmeza o ingredientes bioactivos con el fin de incrementar la seguridad y mantener las características sensoriales, nutricionales y funcionales de las frutas mínimamente procesadas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la calidad de moras (Rubus fructicosus var Ouchita) de primera cosecha (diciembre) y su comportamiento durante la poscosecha, luego de aplicar recubrimientos de quitosano (cuyo nombre químico es poli [β–(1–4)–2–amino–2–desoxi–D–glucopiranosa), alginato (C6H8O6)ny alginato con el agregado de vainillina (C8H8O3), como alternativa para mantener la calidad de las frutas. La primera etapa del trabajo se llevó a cabo analizando las frutas al momento de la cosecha y durante 14 días de almacenamiento refrigerado sin la aplicación de recubrimientos, a fin de determinar su vida útil. Además, se evaluaron parámetros de calidad fisicoquímica y nutricional (firmeza, sólidos solubles, acidez titulable, retención de ácido ascórbico, polifenoles totales y capacidad antioxidante) a los 0, 4, 7, 11 y 14 días de almacenamiento.También se evaluó la calidad microbiológica, aceptabilidad sensorial y deterioro fúngico. En una segunda etapa del diseño experimental, las moras fueron tratadas con diferentes recubrimientos comestibles y almacenadas bajo refrigeración (5ºC) para determinar su vida útil, realizando las determinaciones previamente detalladas. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que los recubrimientos comestibles activos podrían ser considerados como una potencial alternativa de preservación poscosecha que permita mantener los atributos de calidad de las moras y prolongar su período de comercialización; sin embargo, se requieren aún mayores investigaciones para poder ser transferida a los productores frutihortícolas.

Blackberries are fruits of great commercial value, but at the same time highly fragile and with reduced shelflife. Its extreme fragility and susceptibility to mechanical deterioration justifies the need to deepen into technological alternatives that allow prolonging its useful life. The use of edible coatings emerges as a promising alternative to preserve the postharvest quality of blackberries. Natural additives such as antimicrobials, antioxidants, firmness agents or bioactive ingredients can be added into them in order to increase safety and maintain the sensory, nutritional and functional characteristics of minimally processed fruits. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of blackberries (Rubus fructicosus var Ouchita) from the first harvest (december) and their behavior during the postharvest, after applying chitosan, alginate and alginate coatings with the addition of vanillin, as an alternative to maintain the quality of the fruits. The first stage of the work was carried out analyzing the fruits at the time of harvest and during 14 days of refrigerated storage without the application of coatings, in order to determine their useful life. In addition, physicochemical and nutritional quality parameters (firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid retention, total polyphenols and antioxidant capacity) were evaluated at 0, 4, 7, 11 and 14 days of storage. Microbiological quality, sensory acceptability and fungal deterioration were also evaluated. In a second stage of the experimental design, the blackberries were treated with different edible coatings and stored under refrigeration (5ºC) to determine their useful life, performing the previously detailed determinations. The results obtained indicated that active edible coatings could be considered as a potential alternative for postharvest preservation that allows maintaining the quality attributes of blackberries and prolonging their marketing period; however, even more research is required to be able to be transferred to fruit and vegetable producers.

Fil: Moreira, Maria del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería en Alimentos; Argentina

Fil: Alvarez, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería en Alimentos; Argentina

Fil: Goñi, María Gabriela. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ingeniería. Departamento de Ingeniería Química. Grupo de Investigación en Ingeniería en Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina

Fil: Fasciglione, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; Argentina

Fil: Yommi, Alejandra Karina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Agencia de Extensión Rural Balcarce; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Deterioro fúngico, Vida útil, Hongos y levaduras, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.11, Calidad de moras listas para consumir, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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