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Article . 2022
License: CC BY NC SA
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Intolerancia a la lactosa: Mitos y verdades. Actualización

Authors: Toca, María del Carmen; Fernández, Adriana; Orsi, Mariana; Tabacco, Omar; Vinderola, Celso Gabriel;

Intolerancia a la lactosa: Mitos y verdades. Actualización

Abstract

La lactosa es el principal carbohidrato de laleche materna. Es un disacárido conformadopor glucosa y galactosa. Su producción en laglándula mamaria es independiente de la dietamaterna. Además de proveer energía, es la únicafuente de galactosa de la dieta, necesaria para lasíntesis de macromoléculas como oligosacáridos,glicoproteínas y glicolípidos. Favorece laabsorción y retención de calcio, magnesioy cinc. Su digestión por la enzima lactasa yposterior absorción tienen lugar en intestinodelgado. El déficit de lactasa, que puede serprimario congénito (muy infrecuente), primariotardío o secundario por lesión intestinal, puedegenerar intolerancia con síntomas como dolor,distensión abdominal, flatulencia y diarrea.En el colon, bifidobacterias y lactobacilospueden hidrolizarla. El manejo nutricionalde la intolerancia deberá hacerse siemprepreservando la lactancia materna. La reduccióno suspensión de la lactosa deberá ser transitoriay se reemplazarán alimentos suspendidos porotros con adecuados aportes calóricos, proteicosy de minerales y vitaminas.

Lactose is the main carbohydrate present in human milk. It is a disaccharide made up of glucose and galactose. It is produced in the mammary glands, regardless of maternal diet. In addition to providing energy, it is the only source of dietary galactose, necessary for macromolecule synthesis, including oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. It favors calcium, magnesium, and zinc absorption and retention. Its digestion by lactase and subsequent absorption occurs in the small intestine. Lactase deficiency may be classified into congenital primary (very rare), late-onset primary or secondary due to an injury of the intestine; it may cause intolerance with pain, abdominal distension, abdominal gas, and diarrhea. In the colon, it may be hydrolyzed by bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The nutritional management of intolerance should always preserve breastfeeding. Lactose reduction or elimination should be transient, and eliminated food should be replaced with other similar in calorie, protein, mineral, and vitamin content.

Fil: Vinderola, Celso Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Lactología Industrial. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química. Instituto de Lactología Industrial; Argentina

Fil: Fernández, Adriana. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Ministerio de Salud. Hospital de Niños "Sor María Ludovica" de La Plata; Argentina

Fil: Toca, María del Carmen. Consultorios Médicos Pediátricos; Argentina

Fil: Tabacco, Omar. Sanatorio de Niños de Rosario; Argentina

Fil: Orsi, Mariana. Hospital Italiano; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEYS, CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2.11, DRUG PRESCRIPTIONS, PEDIATRICIANS, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/2

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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