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Part of book or chapter of book . 2021
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Características hidrogeológicas de los salares en la Puna Argentina

Authors: García, Rodolfo; Kruse, Eduardo Emilio; Etcheverry, Ricardo Oscar; Tessone, Mario Osvaldo Rafael; Moreira, Pilar;

Características hidrogeológicas de los salares en la Puna Argentina

Abstract

Se definen los factores hidrogeológicos de mayor influencia para la minería del litio en los salares de la Puna. Ello abarca a la extracción del mineral a partir de una salmuera y la demanda de agua dulce. Estos proyectos requieren estudios hidrogeológicos detallados que cuantifiquen las reservas del mineral en el agua subterránea de alta salinidad (salmueras) y las condiciones hidrodinámicas e hidroquímicas del agua dulce para uso industrial y humano. La explotación de salmueras se asocia a una dinámica subterránea que produce variaciones en las concentraciones de litio, modificaciones de la densidad del fluido y la profundización de los niveles piezométricos. La explotación de agua dulce debe contemplar la demanda requerida en cuanto a calidad y cantidad. Para la evaluación son necesarios datos básicos (parámetros hidráulicos) y componentes del balance hidrológico (precipitaciones, evaporación, escurrimiento fluvial e infiltración). Los mecanismos de recarga a los acuíferos son fundamentales ya que se relacionan a las escasas lluvias o a la infiltración a través de los cursos fluviales. Especial atención merecen los efectos ambientales que podría generar la explotación por su posible afectación a los cuerpos de agua que son la fuente de vida de la flora y fauna en la región.

The hydrogeological factors that most influence lithium mining in the Puna salt-flats are defined. This includes the extraction of the mineral from the brine and the freshwater demand. These projects require detailed hydrogeological studies that quantify the mineral reserves in high-salinity groundwater (brine) and the hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions of freshwater for industrial and human use. Brine exploitation is associated with groundwater dynamics that produce variations in lithium concentrations, fluid density modifications and deepening of piezometric levels. The exploitation of freshwater requires the necessary demand in terms of quality and quantity. Basic data (hydraulic parameters) and components of the water balance (precipitation, evaporation, river runoff and infiltration) are essential for evaluation. The recharge mechanisms to the aquifers are fundamental since these are associated with the scarce rainfall or with the infiltration through the river courses. Special attention should be given to the environmental effects that could be generated by the exploitation due to its possible effect on the water bodies that are the source of flora and fauna of the region.

Fil: Etcheverry, Ricardo Oscar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina

Fil: Kruse, Eduardo Emilio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina

Fil: Moreira, Pilar. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Fil: Tessone, Mario Osvaldo Rafael. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina

Fil: García, Rodolfo. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

AGUA SUBTERRANEA, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5, SALMUERA, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, SALARES DE LA PUNA, AGUA DULCE

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green