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Trabajo y Sociedad
Article . 2015
Data sources: DOAJ
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CONICET Digital
Article . 2015
License: CC BY NC SA
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Determinantes de la demanda laboral en mercados de trabajo locales Un análisis aplicado a la industria vitivinícola mendocina

Authors: Pol, Maria Albina;

Determinantes de la demanda laboral en mercados de trabajo locales Un análisis aplicado a la industria vitivinícola mendocina

Abstract

Los factores tanto de la oferta como de la demanda laboral se articulan en el territorio condicionando las formas en que los diversos grupos poblacionales logran insertarse en el mercado de trabajo. Este artículo focaliza en los determinantes de la demanda, con el propósito de analizar los modos de organización y gestión de la fuerza de trabajo puestos en práctica por los agentes empresariales que se desempeñan en una específica configuración territorial. Esos mecanismos responden, y a la vez refuerzan, los procesos de flexibilización del empleo y la existencia de segmentos con diferentes oportunidades de inserción y participación laboral. Para llevar a cabo nuestro objetivo abordamos el caso de la industria vitivinícola del Departamento de Maipú (Provincia de Mendoza). Elaboramos una tipología de bodegas -según tamaño, formas de gestión y origen del capital- que sirvió de base para aplicar un conjunto de entrevistas en profundidad referidas al problema de estudio. El análisis realizado muestra que las estrategias de organización y gestión que implementan las industrias vitivinícolas mendocinas se han ido diversificando en respuesta a la dinámica de la actividad en el territorio y al modelo productivo de cada firma. Esos mecanismos configuran una clara segmentación de los trabajadores tanto a nivel inter como intraempresa. El resultado es la existencia de subgrupos poblacionales con muy diferentes estatutos y condiciones laborales, desde el colectivo más desfavorecido, aquel que componen las mujeres jóvenes de baja calificación que se desempeñan en las firmas de menor tamaño, hasta los trabajadores que gozan de las condiciones más ventajosas, los varones de mediana edad y alta calificación que ocupan puestos jerárquicos en los grandes establecimientos vitivinícolas.

Both supply and demand factors are articulated in the territory determining the insertion of different groups in the labor market. This article focuses on the demand determinants in order to analyze the ways of organizing and managing the workforce implemented by corporate actors who act in a specific territory. These mechanisms respond, while reinforcing, the processes of employment flexibility and the existence of segments with different opportunities for labor participation. In order to achieve our objective we analyze the case of the wine industry in Maipu (Province of Mendoza). The analysis shows that the organization and management strategies that implement the wine industries in Mendoza, have diversified in response to the dynamics of the activity in the territory and the production model of each firm. These mechanisms form a clear segmentation of workers at both interand intra-firm. The result is the existence of subgroups with very different labor conditions, from disadvantaged group, the low-skilled young women who work in smaller firms, to the workers with the most favorable conditions, middle-aged and highly qualified men in hierarchical positions in the wine industry‘s big establishments.

Fil: Pol, Maria Albina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza; Argentina

Country
Argentina
Keywords

mercados de trabajo locales, GN301-674, estructura ocupacional, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.2, estrategias de gestión, Labor. Work. Working class, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5, Sociology (General), HD4801-8943, industria vitivinícola, Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology, HM401-1281

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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gold