We report the Simons Genome Diversity Project (SGDP) dataset: high quality genomes from 300 individuals from 142 diverse populations. These genomes include at least 5.8 million base pairs that are not present in the human reference genome. Our analysis reveals key features of the landscape of human genome variation, including that the rate of accumulation of mutations has accelerated by about 5% in non-Africans compared to Africans since divergence. We show that the ancestors of some pairs of present-day human populations were substantially separated by 100,000 years ago, well before the archaeologically attested onset of behavioral modernity. We also demonstrate that indigenous Australians, New Guineans and Andamanese do not derive substantial ancestry from an early dispersal of modern humans; instead, their modern human ancestry is consistent with coming from the same source as that in other non-Africans.

Fil: Bravi, Claudio Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular; Argentina

Fil: Fu, Qiaomei. Key Laboratory Of Vertebrate Evolution And Human Origin; China. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos

Fil: Gymrek, Melissa. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos. Whitehead Institute For Biomedical Research; Estados Unidos

Fil: Sankararaman, Sriram. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos

Fil: Nordenfelt, Susanne. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos

Fil: Chennagiri, Niru. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos

Fil: Skoglund, Pontus. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos

Fil: Lazaridis, Iosif. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos

Fil: Mallick, Swapan. Harvard Medical School; Estados Unidos. Broad Institute Of Harvard And Mit; Estados Unidos