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Disponibilidad, circulación y uso de materias primas líticas en las cuencas de los lagos Tar y San Martín (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina)

Authors: Espinosa, Silvana Laura; Belardi, Juan Bautista; Barrientos, Gustavo; Campan, Patricia; Sunico, Carlos Alejandro;

Disponibilidad, circulación y uso de materias primas líticas en las cuencas de los lagos Tar y San Martín (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina)

Abstract

Los artefactos líticos de la cuenca de los lagos Tar y San Martín fueron manufacturados sobre una importante variedad de rocas de diferente génesis. Se presentan las fuentes y lugares de proveniencia de rocas locales (toba silicificada verde y basalto). Se interpreta la circulación y uso de estas conjuntamente con otras alóctonas como la obsidiana de la Pampa del Asador y la limolita de lago Cardiel, con el fin de conocer acerca del uso del espacio por parte de las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras. La ocurrencia de artefactos de sílice obedecería a la presencia local de nódulos, aunque su diversidad sugiere el empleo de otros de proveniencia desconocida. El paisaje arqueológico indica la existencia de diferentes formas y vías de circulación de rocas, tanto en la escala regional como suprarregional, y el equipamiento tanto de espacios como de individuos, lo que sugiere redundancia y planificación en el uso del espacio. Se manifiesta el uso no restringido de aquellas rocas de disponibilidad local, particularmente en relación con el tamaño de las piezas, aunque han tenido una circulación espacialmente acotada. Esto difiere del uso dado a las rocas alóctonas. Así, la disponibilidad de rocas, la circulación y el uso de artefactos líticos muestran tendencias y patrones que permiten modelar las formas de uso del espacio por parte de las poblaciones cazadoras recolectoras a lo largo del Holoceno en diferentes escalas espaciales.

Lithic artifacts from Tar and San Martín lake basins (Santa Cruz, Argentina) were made on a variety of rocks. In order to improve our knowledge about landscape use patterns by past hunter-gatherer populations from this region, we present the sources, distribution and patterns of use of local (green silicified tuff and basalt) and non local rocks (obsidian from Pampa del Asador and siltstone from Cardiel lake). Siliceous rocks artifacts were probably made on locally available nodules, although their diversity suggests that they could come from some other unknown sources. The archaeological landscape indicates the existence of different lithic raw material exploitation and circulation patterns on a regional and supraregional scales, as well as both individual and place provisioning strategies, which suggests some levels of redundancy and planning in landscape use. Local raw materials have been used widely, particularly in relation with artifact sizes, but their circulation seems to have been rather restricted, which contrasts with the circulation patterns of non local rocks. It is concluded that the availability of raw materials and their spatial distribution exhibit patterns and trends that allow modeling the landscape use at different spatial scales by hunter-gatherer populations during the Holocene.

Fil: Barrientos, Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; Argentina.

Fil: Espinosa, Silvana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina.

Fil: Belardi, Juan. B. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina.

Fil: Campan, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina.

Fil: Súnico Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina.

Country
Argentina
Keywords

Antropología, Materias primas líticas, Circulación, Santa Cruz, Argentina, Estrategias de aprovisionamiento, Circulación de rocas, Arqueología, Disponibilidad de rocas, Región patagónica, Cazadores-recolectores, Circulation, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6.1, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/6, Patagonia, Hunter-gatherers, Lago San Martín, Rock availability, Provisioning strategies, Holoceno, Rocas locales, Lago Tar, Recursos líticos, Rocas alóctonas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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