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NTNU Open
Master thesis . 2025
Data sources: NTNU Open
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Use of wool and insect frass as crop fertilisers

Authors: Swiergon, Anna;

Use of wool and insect frass as crop fertilisers

Abstract

Wool and insect frass are underutilised agricultural by-products with considerable potential as soil amendments. In Norway, more than 60% of wool is discarded due to minor impurities, while annual frass production could potentially reach 727,000 tonnes. This study evaluated the effects of wool, mealworm frass, and their combination on the plant productivity of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), and radish (Raphanus sativus) in a greenhouse pot experiment. As well as their effect on decomposition dynamics via the tea bag index. The responses varied by species. Tomato yields increased 3.1-fold with wool and 1.6-fold with frass, while their combination yielded no additional benefit. Strawberry produced 3.5 times more fruits with wool, while frass enhanced only runner (stolon) biomass. Radish tuber biomass was not improved after addition of wool and decreased 50% after addition of frass, however a combination of wool and frass mitigated this decrease. In conclusion, wool increased productivity in nutrient-demanding crops such as tomato and strawberry, likely due to long lasting nutrient release and water-retention properties. Frass was beneficial for tomato, but inhibitory for radish likely due to its phytotoxic effects. The combination of wool and frass alleviated the frass inhibition in radish, suggesting a buffering effect from wool. Furthermore, the amendments had a positive effect on stabilisation factor (S) and decomposition rate (k), proportional to nutrient content. These findings clearly demonstrate that wool is superior to frass as fertiliser amendment, and their effectiveness appears to be crop specific. Further research is needed to optimise blends and timing to maximise benefits while minimising trade-offs.

Ull og insekts frass er ubrukte biprodukter med høy potensial som jordforbedringsmidler. I Norge kastes over 60 % av ullen på grunn av små urenheter, mens den årlige produksjonen av frass kan mulig nå 727 000 tonn. Denne studien evaluerte effektene av ull, melbille frass og deres kombinasjon på produksjonen av tomater (Solanum lycopersicum), jordbær (Fragaria × ananassa) og reddik (Raphanus sativus) i et drivhusforsøk. I tillegg ble deres effekt på nedbrytningsdynamikk undersøkt gjennom den såkalt "tea bag index". Responsene var artsavhengige. Der tomatutbyttet økte 3,1 ganger med ull og 1,6 ganger med frass, mens kombinasjonen ikke ga noen ytterligere fordel. Jordbær produserte 3,5 ganger flere frukter med ull, mens frass kun økte biomassen av utløpere. Reddik rot vekt ble ikke påvirket etter tilførselen av ull, og ble redusert med 50 % etter tilførselen av frass. Kombinasjonen av ull og frass reduserte imidlertid denne nedgangen. Oppsummert økte ull produktiviteten i næringskrevende vekster som tomat og jordbær, sannsynligvis på grunn av langvarig næringsfrigjøring og vannholdende egenskaper. Frass hadde en positiv effekt på tomat, men en hemmende effekt på reddik, trolig grunnet giftig stoffer. Kombinasjonen av ull og frass motvirket den negative effekt på reddik, noe som tyder på en bufferfunksjon fra ullen. Videre hadde begge gjødslene en positiv effekt på stabiliseringsfaktor (S) og nedbrytningsrate (k), proporsjonalt med næringsinnholdet. Disse funnene viser tydelig at ull er bedre egnet enn frass som gjødseltilsetning, og at effekten kommer an på arten. Videre forskning er nødvendig for å optimalisere blandinger og tidspunkt for tilførsel, for å maksimere nytten og minimere ulempene.

Country
Norway
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green