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Bildung and critical thinking in the LK20 and educational policy documents by OECD

Authors: Velle, Mathias Løland;

Bildung and critical thinking in the LK20 and educational policy documents by OECD

Abstract

This thesis explores the concepts Bildung and critical thinking through a document analysis of educational policy documents. The foundation for the analysis consists of a brief historical background of Bildung, its use since the 19th century, and foremost Klafki’s theory of categorical Bildung. Additionally, a description of critical thinking, its proposed purposes and aspects, and its connections to Bildung. The analysis uncovers purposes and aspects of Bildung and critical thinking from how they are described in the policy documents. Furthermore, discussing them in the light of the literature presented, towards the goal of unravelling the stipulations this poses on English language teaching in Norway and more generally. This study finds that Bildung still has a prevalent presence in the Norwegian policy documents, however, by conflating it with other ideas and not clarifying an orientation, its potential, and probably its implementation, are reduced. Similarly, critical thinking is largely reduced to source assessment and rationality in the LK20, omitting aspects of decision-making, developing attitudes and argumentative abilities. The results substantiates Willbergh’s (2016) research, demonstrating that the LK20 is predominantly formal (in Bildung terms), which neglects the role of content and conceals it from public debate. Moreover, the thesis calls attention to the influence OECD has on Norwegian education policymaking. This influence is discussed in the latter part of the thesis, raising concerns as to whether it contributes to individualisation and exclusion of civic influence, and whether the increased pragmatism of competences and evaluation are coming at the cost of the more general humane aspects of education. Denne masteroppgaven utforsker begrepene danning og kritisk tenkning gjennom en dokumentanalyse av utdanningspolitiske dokumenter. Grunnlaget i analysen består av en kort historisk bakgrunn av danning, dets bruk siden 1800-tallet, og først og fremst Klafkis kategoriske dannelsesteori. Deretter beskrives kritisk tenkning med søkelys på dets foreslåtte formål og aspekter, og dets forbindelser til danning. Analysen avdekker formål og aspekter ved danning og kritisk tenkning ut ifra hvordan de er beskrevet i de utdanningspolitiske dokumentene. Videre diskuteres de i lys av litteraturen presentert med mål om å nøste opp de krav dette stiller til engelskundervisning i Norge og mer generelt. Denne studien finner at danning fortsatt har en utbredt tilstedeværelse i de norske styringsdokumentene, men ved å blande det med andre ideer og ikke klargjøre en orientering, reduseres potensialet og sannsynligvis implementeringen. Tilsvarende er kritisk tenkning i stor grad redusert til kildevurdering og rasjonalitet i LK20, det utelater aspekter ved beslutningstaking, utvikling av holdninger og argumentasjonsevner. Videre underbygger resultatene Willbergh (2016) sin forskning, de viser at LK20 er overveiende formativ (i danningsterminologi), noe som neglisjerer innholdets rolle i undervisning og skjuler det fra offentlig debatt. Fokuset på formale aspekter ved utdanning kommer i stor grad av innflytelsen OECD har på norsk utdanningspolitikk. Denne påvirkningen diskuteres i siste del av oppgaven, der det vekkes bekymringer for om påvirkningen bidrar til økt individualisering og ekskludering av samfunnspåvirkning, og hvorvidt den økte pragmatismen i form av kompetanser og evaluering går på bekostning av de mer generelle humane aspektene ved utdanning.

Country
Norway
Keywords

Educational policies, Curriculum, Danning, Bildung, Critical thinking, Education

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green