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Brage INN
Bachelor thesis . 2018
Data sources: Brage INN
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The Norwegian grouse-nest survival lottery

Authors: Hagen, Jonas K.G.;

The Norwegian grouse-nest survival lottery

Abstract

During incubation, hens in gallinaceous species are faced with trade-offs between self-maintenance and metabolic requirements of the eggs. The hen also has to minimize the probability of detection by predators, by nest site selection and nesting behaviour. I survived daily number and length of recesses, incubation constancy and the timing of recesses of 70 capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), 11 black grouse (Lyrurus tetrix) and 18 willow ptarmigan (Lagopus lagopus) hens by the use of camera traps during 2009-2015. The differences in nesting behaviour between species were small. Capercaillie, black grouse and willow ptarmigan took 1.84, 2.06 and 2.25 daily recesses averaging 29.10, 25.90 and 26.64 minutes, resulting in incubation constancies of 0.96, 0.96 and 0.95, respectively. Predators detected nests only when the female was sitting on the nest. 31 of 69 (31%) nests were robbed the 2 hours after midnight when the incubation constancy was 0.97. During 04:00 – 06:00 capercaillie took most recesses, but was still sitting 95% of the time on the nest. The difference in nest predation between species cannot be attributed to differences in the observed nesting behaviour. Julian date, number or length of the recess, incubation constancy or interactions between the factors did not explain differences in nest survival of capercaillie hens. I suggest that variation within females normal incubation behaviour does not affect the probability of nest predation, and that predators generally detect grouse nests when the hen reveal her nest when escaping the approaching predator. The survival of a grouse nest is a lottery where the hen usually has little influence on the outcome.

Hunfugler hos hønsefuglarter må gjennom rugetiden avveie om de skal investere i seg selv eller sine egg. Hunfugler må også minimere risken for å bli oppdaget fra predatorer gjennom habitatvalg og rugeoppførsel. Jeg registrerte jeg daglig antall og lengde på rugepauser, rugekonstsans og tidspunkt for pauser for 70 storfugl (Tetrao urogallus), 11 orrfugl (Tetrao tetrix) og 18 lirypehøner (Lagopus lagopus) som var overvålet ved hjelp digitale viltkameraer i perioden fra 2009 til 2015. Forskjellene i rugeoppførsel var små. Storfugl, orrfugl og lirype hadde 1.84, 2.06 og 2.25 daglige pauser med en gjennomsnittlig lengde på 29.10, 25.90 og 26.64 minutter. Dette resulterte henholdsvis i en rugekonstans på 0.96, 0.96 og 0.95. Predatorer fant reiret bare når høna var på reiret. 31 av 69 (31%) av reirene ble røvet i de to timene etter midnatt når også rugekonstansen var 0.97. Mellom 04:00 og 06:00 røyer hadde flest pauser, men satt fortsatt på reiret 95% av tiden. Forskjellene i reirpredasjon mellom artene kan ikke kobles mot forskjeller i observert reiroppførsel. Juliansk dato, antall og lengde på pauser, rugekonstans eller interaksjoner mellom disse faktorene kunne ikke forklare reiroverlevelse hos storfugl. Jeg foreslår at variasjon mellom røyenes normale rugeoppførsel ikke har noen effekt på sjansen for reirpredasjon, samt at predatorer stort sett finner reir da fuglen avslører hvor reir er da hun rømmer. Overlevelsen av hønsefuglreir er et lotteri hvor stort hunfuglen har liten påvirkning på hvordan utfallet blir.

Country
Norway
Keywords

VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green