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Estudios de obtención de pectina aplicando procesos de membrana

Authors: Stechina, Damián Eliseo;

Estudios de obtención de pectina aplicando procesos de membrana

Abstract

La producción de limón en Argentina superó, a fines de la década del 90, el millón de toneladas, destinándose el 77 % de la misma a satisfacer las necesidades industriales. La cáscara de limón o mesocarpio, que representa más del 40 % de la fruta, no es aprovechada industrialmente sino comercializada directamente como producto deshidratado. La tercera parte de los sólidos del mesocarpio está constituido por sustancias pécticas, un producto que tiene un atractivo comercial fundamentado en sus propiedades reológicas y que ha promovido el interés en su utilización de industriales conserveros, lácteos y aún cosmetólogos. En este trabajo se propone una alternativa tecnológica de obtención de pectina en polvo, que involucre la utilización de los procesos de membrana en la concentración del extracto pectínico y la deshidratación posterior por atomización. Para ello se plantea como objetivo evaluar las variables de proceso involucradas en la obtención de pectina cítrica, incluyendo ensayos reológicos del producto deshidratado obtenido. En el proceso de concentración por ultrafiltración se determinó, en primer lugar, la resistencia intrínseca de la membrana resultando ésta de 3 * 10 13 m-1. En segundo lugar se evalúa la influencia del factor de concentración y la temperatura en la variación del flujo de permeado instantáneo y la presión transmembrana. Las representaciones están dadas por regresión logarítmica y lineal respectivamente, cuyos factores independientes aumentan con la temperatura. Por último es recomendable avanzar en la modelización del procesos de ultrafiltración.

Lemon production in Argentina was more than 1 m tonnes during the 1995-2000 period. 77% of the produce was used in the industry. Lemon peel or mesocarp represents over 40% of the fruit. However, it is not used in the industry but commercialized as dehydrated product. A third of mesocarp solids is constituted by pectic substances. Pectin is commercially attractive due to its rheological properties. This fact has fostered its application in the preservation, dairy and cosmetic industries. The objective of this study was to develop an alternative technology to obtain pectin powder using membrane processes for concentration of pectin extract and further dehydration by atomization Process variables involved in citric pectin production, as well as rheological assays of the dehydrated product were assessed. Membrane intrinsec resistance was determined during the concentration process using ultrafiltration. Subsequently, influence of the concentration factor and temperature on variation of instantaneous permeate flow rate was measured. Results are represented by logarithmic and linear regression, respectively, showing an independent factor increase with temperature. Further ultrafiltration process modellization studies are suggested.

Fil: Stechina, Damián Eliseo. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ingeniería Química; Argentina.

Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos

Country
Argentina
Related Organizations
Keywords

Concentration, Lemon, Pectins, Ultrafiltration, Limón, Ultrafiltración, Concentración, Pectinas

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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