There are four waste-to-energy plants in operation in the Czech Republic. These plants incinerate about 0.75 M tonnes of waste annually and produce about 0.2 M tonnes of incineration bottom ash (IBA). According to our previous analysis, incineration bottom ash in the Czech Republic contains 6-11 % of iron scrap and 1.3-2.8 % of non-ferrous metals which means the overall potential for recovery of 13-14 kt of iron scrap and 3.0-3.5 kt of non-ferrous metals per year. Due to the absence of technologies for non-ferrous metals recovery in the Czech Republic, only a small part of the potential is exploited. Annually, only 11 kt of ferrous and 0.5 kt of non-ferrous metals are recovered from IBA in the Czech Republic. This means that a huge amount of valuable secondary sources is wasted. The utilization of the mineral matrix of IBA was currently prohibited in the Czech Republic due to strict limits for waste utilization on the soil surface and the absence of other legal frameworks for waste utilization in selected defined applications, such as a subbase layer in road construction. However, the new waste law and related decrees will set specific criteria for bottom ash utilization.