Common denominator and one of the goals in the “storage” of many, even different, commodities (agricultural, etc.) is their protection against invasion by biological pests; protection of objects of cultural heritage deposited in museums, galleries, archives and other institutions of a similar type is one of the specific case. The present article is an overview of basic (potential) biological pests of some “storage” commodities (with emphasis on the protection of objects of cultural heritage) as well as methods used for their detection. In the final section, a modular system of the ongoing assessment of the environmental characteristics of depositaries and exhibitions (including “biological”) is briefly presented; its advantage is the possibility of on-line monitoring of the evaluated parameters (temperature, humidity, lighting, etc.) including the detection of presence of crawling and airborne insects.