The previous methods of estimating the living conditions of the populatlon based on present cross-section of national statistics allow only to determine the general situation of a given administrative province against the background of the whole country, or in comparison with similar areas. On the other hand, we possess a rather poor knowledge about the scale of these spatial differentiation at the level of an administrative rural commune, being a low level of aggregation. To present the differentiation of the living conditions at this low level of aggregation the author has chosen a method of factor analysis. The performed researches revealed that in the lowest structural units, l.e. in villages we are dealing with a very modest system of facilities within the area of the social infrastructure. This is due to concentration of services in some area, and mainly in towns or centres of rural communes. In rural areas there are simply absent some basic facilities. This matter becomes even more acute if we take account of the fact that this concerns also those facilities which should be satisfying the basie needs. Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę.