From among concepts explaining the sources of inflation, manuals of political economy list generally demand, cost, and quantitative (monetaristic) theories, which roughly corresponds to the structure of studies on this problem in the early sixties and naturally does not include, to any major extent, the scientific contributions of the last few years. The traditional approach has, among others, the following shortcomings: — Particular concepts are presented in isolation from the theoretical context; no attempts are made at confronting them with one another and distinguish the most important differences or similarities between them. — Manner of presentation of inflation problems fully omits the monetary aspect i.e. problem of financing price rises. The author proposes that the hitherto applied division should be replaced by another one, and mentions three basic concepts of inflation: — Keynesian concept based on Phillips curve. — Natural unemployment rate concept combining the monetaristic theory of inflation and unemployment. — Structural concepts representing the most consistent continuation of the costpush theory of inflation. Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę