The aim of this paper is to propose an extension of Bańczerowski’s phonotactic theory and introduce a research project on Mandarin Chinese segmental linguistics in the proposed theoretical framework. The proposal includes a brief summary of Bańczerowski’s original framework and a more detailed description of its extension to various levels of linguistic analysis. The application of the consequent extended framework to the analysis of the phonetics, phonology (phonemic and syllabic levels), morphology and writing system of Mandarin Chinese is proposed in the main part of the paper.