The paper presents key conceptual and methodological issues related to establishing in regions their own urban policy. Urban policy of a region should not only be analysed in its organisational and procedural aspects. It should have a strong theoretical and methodological background. The authors have focused on three aspects, i.e.: – on urban policy – its strategic and conceptual settings as well as mechanisms – placement in perspectives of regional economics and knowledge concerning contemporary processes of regional, incl. urban, development, – on descriptive methods concerning functional urban areas, to define subject of an urban policy of a region, – on metropolitan regions and metropolitan areas that can be particularly interesting in terms of establishing an urban policy as a metropolitan policy. Efficiency in urban policy establishment by regional authorities will be key to successful implementation of national urban policy. It may also become a new dimension for regional-governmental dialogue.