In a group of 331 augmentation mammaplasties performed at the Clinic of Plastic Surgery in Prague from 1994-1998, capsular contracture was recorded in 6% cosmetic and 12% of reconstruction operations. The main cause was, in particular, the quality of tissue surrounding the implants along with individual disposition. The incidence of this complication did not differ significantly in relation to the placement of the prosthesis beneath the muscle or gland. Based on histological analysis and the clinical finding, it is obvious that disintegration of the prosthesis does not always lead to severe grades of capsular contracture. It is despite the presence of foreign bodies in the connective tissue.