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Recolector de Ciencia Abierta, RECOLECTA
Bachelor thesis . 2025
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Componente de displasia de alto grado como predictor de neoplasia metacrona tras extirpación de adenomas del colon

Authors: Pestana González, Luz;

Componente de displasia de alto grado como predictor de neoplasia metacrona tras extirpación de adenomas del colon

Abstract

Resumen Introducción y objetivos: La vigilancia endoscópica tras la resección de pólipos colorrectales es una estrategia fundamental para prevenir la aparición de neoplasias avanzadas metacrónicas, como el cáncer colorrectal (CCR) y los adenomas avanzados (AA). Tradicionalmente, los criterios utilizados para establecer el riesgo de recurrencia incluyen el tamaño del adenoma, su arquitectura histológica, multiplicidad y el grado de displasia. Sin embargo, muchos de estos factores están interrelacionados, siendo los adenomas con displasia de alto grado (DAG) frecuentemente mayores de 10mm. Por tanto, dilucidar el riesgo individual de cada uno de ellos es fundamental. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal determinar si la presencia aislada de DAG en adenomas <10 mm constituye un factor de riesgo independiente para neoplasia avanzada que justifique una vigilancia post-polipectomía. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo anidado al ensayo clínico aleatorizado multicéntrico europeo EPoS, que analiza estrategias de seguimiento tras la polipectomía en miles de pacientes europeos. Mediante un emparejamiento por puntuación de propensión (propensity score matching), se compararon tres cohortes: pacientes con adenomas con DAG<10mm, pacientes con adenomas no avanzados (ANA) y pacientes con adenomas ≥10mm. Resultados: Se incluyeron 71 pacientes por grupo tras el PSM. En estos resultados preliminares, la incidencia de neoplasia avanzada metacrónica fue: 4,2% en pacientes con adenomas con DAG<10mm, 5,6% en ANA y 12,7% en adenomas ≥10mm. El RR de neoplasia avanzada metacrónica en pacientes con adenomas con DAG<10 mm fue 0,74 (IC 95%: 0,16-3,43) respecto a no avanzados y 0,30 (IC 95%: 0,08-1,17) respecto a adenomas ≥10mm, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos preliminares mostraron que la incidencia de neoplasia avanzada metacrónica en los pacientes con adenomas con DAG pequeños fue similar a la de los ANA y sustancialmente inferior a la de los adenomas ≥10mm. Estos hallazgos cuestionan la necesidad de seguir considerando a la DAG como un criterio independiente de alto riesgo en adenomas <10 mm y abren la puerta a una posible reevaluación de las guías actuales de vigilancia post polipectomía.

Introduction and objectives: Endoscopic surveillance after colorectal polypectomy is a key strategy for preventing the development of metachronous advanced neoplasia, including colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenomas (AA). Traditionally, recurrence risk has been determined based on adenoma size, histological architecture, multiplicity and the degree of dysplasia. However, many of these factors are interrelated, as high-grade dysplasia (HGD) is frequently found in adenomas larger than 10 mm. Therefore, elucidating the individual risk associated with each feature is essential. The primary objective of this study is to assess whether the presence of isolated HGD in adenomas <10 mm constitutes an independent risk of factor for advanced neoplasia warranting post-polypectomy surveillance. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted within the framework of the multicenter, randomized European EPoS clinical trial, which evaluates surveillances strategies following polypectomy in thousands of European patients. Using propensity score matching (PSM), three cohorts were compared: patients with HGD adenomas <10mm, patients with non-advanced adenomas and patients with adenomas ≥10 mm. Results: A total of 71 patients per group were included after PSM. In these preliminary result, the incidence of metachronous advanced neoplasia was 4,2% in patients with HGD adenomas <10 mm group, 5,6% in non-advanced adenomas, and 12,7% in adenomas ≥10mm. The relative risk (RR) for advanced neoplasia in patients with HGD adenomas <10mm was 0.74 (95% CI: 0.16-3.43) compared to non-advanced adenomas and 0.30 (95% CI: 0.08-1.17) compared to adenomas ≥10 mm, with no statistically significant differences. Conclusions: The incidence of metachronous advanced neoplasia in patients with small adenomas and isolated HGD was similar to that of non-advanced adenomas and substantially lower than that of large adenomas. These preliminary findings challenge the classification of HGD as a high-risk independent criterion in adenomas <10 mm and support reconsideration of current post-polypectomy surveillance guidelines.

Keywords

adenomas avanzados (AA), cáncer colorrectal (CCR), CDU::6 - Ciencias aplicadas::61 - Medicina, neoplasias avanzadas metacrónicas, adenomas con displasia de alto grado (DAG)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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